Bumps
[nwtgck/actions-netlify](https://github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify) from
2.0 to 3.0.
<details>
<summary>Release notes</summary>
<p><em>Sourced from <a
href="https://github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify/releases">nwtgck/actions-netlify's
releases</a>.</em></p>
<blockquote>
<h2>v3.0.0</h2>
<h3>Changed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Update dependencies</li>
<li>Updates the default runtime to node20</li>
</ul>
<h2>v2.1.0</h2>
<h3>Changed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Update dependencies</li>
</ul>
<h3>Added</h3>
<ul>
<li>Add "enable-github-deployment" input <a
href="https://redirect.github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify/pull/901">#901</a>
by <a href="https://github.com/a-tokyo"><code>@a-tokyo</code></a></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</details>
<details>
<summary>Changelog</summary>
<p><em>Sourced from <a
href="https://github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify/blob/develop/CHANGELOG.md">nwtgck/actions-netlify's
changelog</a>.</em></p>
<blockquote>
<h1>Changelog</h1>
<p>All notable changes to this project will be documented in this
file.</p>
<p>The format is based on <a
href="https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/">Keep a Changelog</a></p>
<h2>[Unreleased]</h2>
<h2>[3.0.0] - 2024-03-10</h2>
<h3>Changed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Update dependencies</li>
<li>Updates the default runtime to node20</li>
</ul>
<h2>[2.1.0] - 2023-08-18</h2>
<h3>Changed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Update dependencies</li>
</ul>
<h3>Added</h3>
<ul>
<li>Add "enable-github-deployment" input <a
href="https://redirect.github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify/pull/901">#901</a>
by <a href="https://github.com/a-tokyo"><code>@a-tokyo</code></a></li>
</ul>
<h2>[2.0.0] - 2022-12-08</h2>
<h3>Changed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Update dependencies</li>
<li>Updates the default runtime to node16</li>
</ul>
<h2>[1.2.4] - 2022-10-14</h2>
<h3>Changed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Update dependencies</li>
</ul>
<h2>[1.2.3] - 2021-12-20</h2>
<h3>Changed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Update dependencies</li>
</ul>
<h2>[1.2.2] - 2021-05-08</h2>
<h3>Fixed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Fix GitHub deployment description</li>
</ul>
<h3>Changed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Update dependencies</li>
</ul>
<h2>[1.2.1] - 2021-05-05</h2>
<h3>Added</h3>
<ul>
<li>Add "fails-without-credentials" input to fail if the
credentials not provided <a
href="https://redirect.github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify/pull/532">#532</a></li>
</ul>
<h3>Changed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Update dependencies</li>
</ul>
<h2>[1.2.0] - 2021-04-29</h2>
<h3>Changed</h3>
<ul>
<li>Update dependencies</li>
<li>(breaking change for <code>overwrites-pull-request-comment:
true</code>): Support multiple app deploys in a single PR <a
href="https://redirect.github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify/pull/484">#484</a>
by <a
href="https://github.com/kaisermann"><code>@kaisermann</code></a></li>
</ul>
<!-- raw HTML omitted -->
</blockquote>
<p>... (truncated)</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary>Commits</summary>
<ul>
<li><a
href="4cbaf4c08f"><code>4cbaf4c</code></a>
Merge branch 'release/3.0.0'</li>
<li><a
href="6b45669baf"><code>6b45669</code></a>
bump: 3.0.0</li>
<li><a
href="8d5d80bf73"><code>8d5d80b</code></a>
Merge pull request <a
href="https://redirect.github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify/issues/1151">#1151</a>
from nwtgck/actions-build/nwtgck-dependabot/npm_and_...</li>
<li><a
href="85c2e8e35a"><code>85c2e8e</code></a>
build</li>
<li><a
href="ea3c314fcd"><code>ea3c314</code></a>
Build(deps): bump <code>@actions/github</code> from 5.1.1 to 6.0.0</li>
<li><a
href="333815eadd"><code>333815e</code></a>
updates the default runtime to node20</li>
<li><a
href="06de7de77b"><code>06de7de</code></a>
Build(deps-dev): bump <code>@vercel/ncc</code> from 0.36.1 to 0.38.1
(<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify/issues/1121">#1121</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="a7f64ad4e2"><code>a7f64ad</code></a>
deps: update</li>
<li><a
href="fee801f039"><code>fee801f</code></a>
Build(deps): bump actions/setup-node from 3 to 4 (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify/issues/1124">#1124</a>)</li>
<li><a
href="e4998d22a0"><code>e4998d2</code></a>
README.md, sample workflow: bump to latest action versions (<a
href="https://redirect.github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify/issues/1149">#1149</a>)</li>
<li>Additional commits viewable in <a
href="https://github.com/nwtgck/actions-netlify/compare/v2.0...v3.0">compare
view</a></li>
</ul>
</details>
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New behavior: when in recovery mode, if any tactic fails in `all_goals`
then the metacontext is restored and all goals are admitted.
Without this, it can leave partially-solved metavariables and incomplete
goal lists.
Lake will now update a package's `lean-toolchain` file on `lake update`
if it finds the package's direct dependencies use a newer compatible
toolchain. To skip this step, use the `--keep-toolchain` CLI option.
Closes#2582. Closes#2752. Closes#5615.
### Toolchain update details
To determine "newest compatible" toolchain, Lake parses the toolchain
listed in the packages' `lean-toolchain` files into four categories:
release , nightly, PR, and other. For newness, release toolchains are
compared by semantic version (e.g., `"v4.4.0" < "v4.8.0"` and
`"v4.6.0-rc1" < "v4.6.0"`) and nightlies are compared by date (e.g.,
`"nightly-2024-01-10" < "nightly-2014-10-01"`). All other toolchain
types and mixtures are incompatible. If there is not a single newest
toolchain, Lake will print a warning and continue updating without
changing the toolchain.
If Lake does find a new toolchain, Lake updates the workspace's
`lean-toolchain` file accordingly and restarts the update process on the
new Lake. If Elan is detected, it will spawn the new Lake process via
`elan run` with the same arguments Lake was initially run with. If Elan
is missing, it will prompt the user to restart Lake manually and exit
with a special error code (4).
### Other changes
To implement this new logic, various other refactors were needed. Here
are some key highlights:
* Logs emitted during package and workspace loading are now eagerly
printed.
* The Elan executable used by Lake is now configurable by the `ELAN`
environment variable.
* The `--lean` CLI option was removed. Use the `LEAN` environment
variable instead.
* `Package.deps` / `Package.opaqueDeps` have been removed. Use
`findPackage?` with a dependency's name instead.
* The dependency resolver now uses a pure breadth-first traversal to
resolve dependencies. It also resolves dependencies in reverse order,
which is done for consistency with targets. Latter targets shadow
earlier ones and latter dependencies take precedence over earlier ones.
**These changes mean the order of dependencies in a Lake manifest will
change after the first `lake update` on this version of Lake.**
This introduces a notion of synthetic atoms into `bv_decide`'s
reflection framework. An atom can be declared synthetic if its behavior
is fully specified by additional lemmas that are added in the process of
creating it. This is for example useful in the code that handles `if` as
the entire `if` block is abstracted as an atom and then two lemmas to
describe either branch are added. Previously this had the effect of
creating error messages about potentially unsound counterexamples, now
the synthetic atoms get filtered from the counter example generation.
In patterns, ellipsis should always fill in each remaining argument as
an implicit argument, even if it is an optparam or autoparam. This
prevents examples such as the one in #4555 from failing:
```lean
match e with
| .internal .. => sorry
| .error .. => sorry
```
The `internal` constructor has an optparam (`| internal (id :
InternalExceptionId) (extra : KVMap := {})`).
We may consider having ellipsis suppress optparams and autoparams in
general. We avoid doing so for now since it's possible to opt-out of
them individually (for example with `.internal (extra := _) ..`) but
it's not possible to opt-in, and it is plausible that `..` with
optparams is useful in contexts such as the `refine` tactic. With
patterns however, it is hard to imagine a use case that offsets the
inconvenience of optparams being eagerly supplied.
Closes#4555
Following up #5928, updates the syntax for `omega` and `solve_by_elim`
and restores the syntax quotations in their implementations.
Following up #5898, uses the new tactic syntax in the library, replacing
all uses of `(config := ...)`.
The tactic elaborators match a too-restrictive syntax for the migration
to the new configuration syntax. This generalizes what they accept, and
the code will return to using quotations after a stage0 update and
syntax change.
Adds an optional `text` argument to the `fetchFile*` and `buildFile*`
definitions that can be used to hash built files as text files (with
normalized line endings) instead of as binary files (the previous
default).
Separately, this change also significantly expands the documentation in
the `Lake.Build.Trace` module and preforms minor touchups of some build
job signatures.
Simplifies the definition of `MapDeclarationExtension` so that it only
contains a `NameMap` without an additional `List (Name × α)`. Uses the
`NameMap`'s natural ordering during export rather than sorting.
This fixes issues from inserting into a `MapDeclarationExtension`
multiple times with the same key. Inside a module it appears that each
insertion overwrites the data, since those queries access the `NameMap`.
But across modules, only the first insertion is accessible, since each
insertion was actually pushed to the front of a `List`.
Mathlib needs this for a documentation extension feature, and [they are
considering a PR with a
workaround](https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/pull/17043)
that digs into the `MapDeclarationExtension` data structures.
As far as I can tell, the ability to pass a structure instance to a
deriving handler is not actually used in practice. It didn't seem to be
used in the test suite, at least.
Do we want to remove this, or do we want to use and document it? This PR
removes it, but that's not something I feel strongly about - but seeing
if it breaks Mathlib is a useful data point.
Example: Normally subtype notation pretty prints as `{ x // x > 0 }`,
but now the difference in domains is exposed:
```lean
example (h : {x : Int // x > 0}) : {x : Nat // x > 0} := h
/-
error: type mismatch
h
has type
{ x : Int // x > 0 } : Type
but is expected to have type
{ x : Nat // x > 0 } : Type
-/
```
Example:
```lean
example : 0 = (0 : Nat) := by
exact Eq.refl (0 : Int)
/-
error: type mismatch
Eq.refl 0
has type
(0 : Int) = 0 : Prop
but is expected to have type
(0 : Nat) = 0 : Prop
-/
```
`bv_normalize` would just silently drop other goals if called while not
focused on a singular goal, for example:
```lean
theorem mvarid (x y : Bool) (h : x ∨ y) : y ∨ x := by
cases h
bv_normalize
-- we want to write another bv_normalize here but all goals are gone
```
Would make the second subgoal disappear and then throw an error about
meta variables in the kernel.
There are many more lemmas about `foldlM`, so this may be useful for
reasoning about for loops by transforming them into folds.
The transformation includes accounting for monad effects, but does have
a mild performance difference in that short-circuiting on
`ForInStep.done` is replaced by traversing the rest of the list with a
noop.
Specializes the congr lemma generated for the `arg` conv tactic to only
rewrite the chosen argument. This makes it much more likely that the
chosen argument is able to be accessed.
Lets `arg` access the domain and codomain of pi types via `arg 1` and
`arg 2` in more situations. Upstreams `pi_congr` for this from mathlib.
Adds a negative indexing option, where `arg -2` accesses the
second-to-last argument for example, making the behavior of `lhs`
available to `arg`. This works for `enter` as well.
Other improvement: when there is an error in the `enter [...]` tactic,
individual locations get underlined with the error. The tactic info now
also is like `rw`, so you can see the intermediate conv states.
Closes#5871
PR #5883 added a new syntax for tactic configuration, and this PR
enables it in most tactics. Example: `simp +contextual`.
There will be followup PRs to modify the remaining ones.
Breaking change: Tactics that are macros for `simp` or other core
tactics need to adapt. The easiest way is to replace `(config)?` with
`optConfig` and then in the syntax quotations replace `$[$cfg]?` by
`$cfg:optConfig`. For tactics that manipulate the configuration, see
`erw` for an example:
```lean
macro "erw" c:optConfig s:rwRuleSeq loc:(location)? : tactic => do
`(tactic| rw $[$(getConfigItems c)]* (transparency := .default) $s:rwRuleSeq $(loc)?)
```
Configuration options are processed left-to-right, so this forces the
`transparency` to always be `.default`.
These implementations could be made more efficient by promoting them to
primitive operations, but I propose installing these in the meantime to
encourage users to avoid non-linearity problems.
* Now `getPathToBaseStructure?` can navigate to all parent structures,
not just through subobjects.
* Adds a "resolution order" for methods. This is the order that
generalized field notation visits parent structures when trying to
resolve names. The algorithm to compute a resolution order is the
commonly used C3 (used for instance by Python). By default we use a
relaxed version of the algorithm that tolerates inconsistencies. Using
`set_option structure.strictResolutionOrder true` makes inconsistent
parent orderings into warnings.
* This makes generalized field notation be able to resolve names for all
parent structures, not just those that are embedded as subobjects.
Closes#3467. (And addresses side note in #1881.)
* Modifies `getAllParentStructures` to return *all* parents. This
improves dot completion in the editor.
I'd previously added an instance from `ForIn'` to `ForIn`, but this then
caused some non-defeq duplication. It seems fine to just remove the
concrete `ForIn` instances in cases where the `ForIn'` instance exists
too. We can even remove a number of type-specific lemmas in favour of
the general ones.
Now that the elaborator supports primitive projections for recursive
inductive types (#5822), enable defining recursive inductive types with
the `structure` command, which was set up in #5842.
Example:
```lean
structure Tree where
n : Nat
children : Fin n → Tree
def Tree.size : Tree → Nat
| {n, children} => Id.run do
let mut s := 0
for h : i in [0 : n] do
s := s + (children ⟨i, h.2⟩).size
pure s
```
Note for kernel re-implementors: recursive structures are exercising the
kernel feature where primitive projections are valid for one-constructor
inductive types in general, so long as the structure isn't a `Prop` and
doesn't have any non-`Prop` fields, not just ones that are non-indexed
and non-recursive.
Closes#2512
The kernel supports primitive projections for all inductive types with
one construtor. The elaborator was assuming primitive projections only
work for "structure-likes", non-recursive inductive types with no
indices.
Enables numeric projection notation for general one-constructor
inductives.
Extracted from #5783.
Modifies the `structureExt` from being a `SimplePersistentEnvExtension`
to a `PersistentEnvExtension`. The simple version contains a `List` of
all added entries, which we do not need since we already have a
`PersistentHashMap` of them in the state. The oversight was that this
`List` contained duplicate entries due to `setStructureParents`
re-adding entries.
This hasn't affected release candidates or stables, but I realised that
I haven't been updating `LEAN_VERSION_MINOR` on `master` the last two
months, so it still says v4.12.0. This advances it to v4.14.0.
This PR adds a new syntax for tactic and command configurations. It also
updates the elaborator construction command to be able to process this
new syntax.
We do not update core tactics yet. Once tactics switch over to it,
rather than (for example) writing `simp (config := { contextual := true,
maxSteps := 22})`, one can write `simp +contextual (maxSteps := 22)`.
The new syntax is reverse compatible in the sense that `(config := ...)`
still sets the entire configuration.
Note to metaprogrammers: Use `optConfig` instead of `(config)?`. The
elaborator generated by `declare_config_elab` accepts both old and new
configurations. The elaborator has also been written to be tolerant to
null nodes, so adapting to `optConfig` should be as easy as changing
just the syntax for your tactics and deleting `mkOptionalNode`.
Breaking change: The new system is mostly reverse compatible, however
the type of the generated elaborator now lands in `TacticM` to make use
of the current recovery state. Commands that wish to elaborate
configurations should now use `declare_command_config_elab` instead of
`declare_config_elab` to get an elaborator landing in `CommandElabM`.
This command comes from Lean 3, which I had previously ported and
contributed to Batteries (née Std). In this new version, `#where`
produces actual command Syntax for all features of a top-level scope
(rather than splicing together strings), and it also now reports
included variables.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <kim@tqft.net>
This adds the embedded constraint substitution preprocessing pass from
Bitwuzla to `bv_decide`.
It looks for hypotheses of the form `h : x = true` and then attempts to
find occurrences of
`x` within other hypotheses to replace them with true.
Fixes a serious issue where Lake would delete path dependencies when
attempting to cleanup a dependency required with an incorrect name.
Closes#5876. Originally part of #5684, but also independently
discovered by François.
Makes `MessageData.ofConstName` available without needing to import the
pretty printer. Any code making use of `MessageData` can write `m!" ...
{.ofConstName n} ... "` to have the name print with hover information.
More error messages now have hover information.
* Now `.ofConstName` also has a boolean flag to make names print fully
qualified. Default: false.
* Now `.ofConstName` will sanitize names that aren't constants. It is OK
to use it in `"unknown constant '{.ofConstName constName}'"` errors.
Usability note: it is more user-friendly to have "has already been
declared" errors report the fully qualified name. For this, write
`m!"{.ofConstName n true} has already been declared"`.
An important part of the interface of a function is the parameter names,
for making used of named arguments. This PR makes the parameter names
print in a reliable way. The parameters of the type now appear as
hygienic names if they cannot be used as named arguments.
Modifies the heuristic for how parameters are chosen to appear before or
after the colon. The rule is now that parameters start appearing after
the colon at the first non-dependent non-instance-implicit parameter
that has a name unusable as a named argument. This is a refinement of
#2846.
Fixes the issue where consecutive hygienic names pretty print without a
space separating them, so we now have `(x✝ y✝ : Nat)` rather than `(x✝y✝
: Nat)`.
Breaking change: `Lean.PrettyPrinter.Formatter.pushToken` now takes an
additional boolean `ident` argument, which should be `true` for
identifiers. Used to insert discretionary space between consecutive
identifiers.
Closes#5810
This adds the ability to add the converse direction of a rewrite rule
not just in simp arguments `simp [← thm]`, but also as a global
attribute
```lean
attribute [simp ←] thm
```
This fixes#5828.
This can be undone with `attribute [-simp]`, although note that
`[-simp]` wins and cannot be undone at the moment (#5868).
Like `simp [← thm]` (see #4290), this will do an implicit `attribute
[-simp] thm` if the other direction is already defined.
Type mismatch errors have a nice feature where expressions are annotated
with `pp.explicit` to expose differences via `isDefEq` checking.
However, this procedure has side effects since `isDefEq` may assign
metavariables. This PR wraps the procedure with `withoutModifyingState`
to prevent assignments from escaping.
Assignments can lead to confusing behavior. For example, in the
following a higher-order unification fails, but the difference-finding
procedure unifies metavariables in a naive way, producing a baffling
error message:
```lean
theorem test {f g : Nat → Nat} (n : Nat) (hfg : ∀a, f (g a) = a) :
f (g n) = n := hfg n
example {g2 : ℕ → ℕ} (n2 : ℕ) : (λx => x * 2) (g2 n2) = n2 := by
with_reducible refine test n2 ?_
/-
type mismatch
test n2 ?m.648
has type
(fun x ↦ x * 2) (g2 n2) = n2 : Prop
but is expected to have type
(fun x ↦ x * 2) (g2 n2) = n2 : Prop
-/
```
With the change, it now says `has type ?m.153 (?m.154 n2) = n2`.
Note: this uses `withoutModifyingState` instead of `withNewMCtxDepth`
because we want to know something about where `isDefEq` failed — we are
trying to simulate a very basic version of `isDefEq` for function
applications, and we want the state at the point of failure to know
which argument is "at fault".
Modifies `simp` to elaborate all simp arguments without disabling error
recovery. Like in #4177, simp arguments with elaboration errors are not
added to the simp set. Error recovery is still disabled when `simp` is
used in combinators such as `first`.
This enables better term info and features like tab completion when
there are elaboration errors.
Also included is a fix to the `all_goals` and `<;>` tactic combinators.
Recall that `try`/`catch` for the Tactic monad restores the state on
failure. This meant that all messages were being cleared on tactic
failure. The fix is to use `Tactic.tryCatch` instead, which doesn't
restore state.
Part of addressing #3831Closes#4888
The assumptions behind disabling error recovery for the `apply` tactic
no longer seem to hold, since tactic combinators like `first` themselves
disable error recovery when it makes sense.
This addresses part of #3831
Breaking change: `elabTermForApply` no longer uses `withoutRecover`.
Tactics using `elabTermForApply` should evaluate whether it makes sense
to wrap it with `withoutRecover`, which is generally speaking when it's
used to elaborate identifiers.
Makes the error messages report on RHSs and LHSs that do not match the
expected values when the relations are defeq. If the relations are not
defeq, the error message now no longer mentions the value of the whole
`calc` expression.
Adds a field to `mkCoe` with an optional callback to use to generate
error messages.
Note: it is tempting to try to make use of expected types when
elaborating the `calc` expression, but this runs into issue #2073.
Closes#4318
Adds ability to chain congruence lemmas when a function's arity is less
than the number of supplied arguments. This improves `congr` as well as
all conv tactics implemented using `congr`, like `arg` and `enter`.
(The non-conv `congr` tactic still needs to be fixed.)
Toward #2942.
Followup to #5841. Makes the `structure` command populate the new
`parentInfo` field with all the structures in the `extends` clause.
This will require a stage0 update to fully take effect.
Breaking change: now it's a warning if a structure extends a parent
multiple times.
Breaking change: now `getParentStructures` is `getStructureSubobjects`.
Adds `getStructureParentInfo` for getting all the immediate parents.
Note that the set of subobjects is neither a subset nor a superset of
the immediate parents.
Closes#1881
This default instance makes it possible to write things like `m!"the
constant is {.ofConstName n}"`.
Breaking change: This weakly causes terms to have a type of
`MessageData` if their type is otherwise unknown. For example:
* `m!"... {x} ..."` can cause `x` to have type `MessageData`, causing
the `let` definition of `x` to fail to elaborate. Fix: give `x` an
explicit type.
* Arithmetic expressions in `m!` strings may need a type ascription. For
example, if the type of `i` is unknown at the time the arithmetic
expression is elaborated, then `m!"... {i + 1} ..."` can fail saying
that it cannot find an `HAdd Nat Nat MessageData` instance. Two fixes:
either ensure that the type of `i` is known, or add a type ascription to
guide the `MessageData` coercion, like `m!"... {(i + 1 : Nat)} ..."`.
Using the same strategy as #5852 this provides `bv_decide` support for
`Bool` and `BitVec` ifs
this in turn instantly enables support for:
- `sdiv`
- `smod`
- `abs`
and thus closes our last discrepancies to QF_BV!
This is the first step towards fixing the issue of not having mutual
recursion between the `Bool` and `BitVec` fragment of `QF_BV` in
`bv_decide`. This PR adds support for `BitVec.ofBool` by doing the
following:
1. Introduce a new mechanism into the reification engine that allows us
to add additional lemmas to the top level on the fly as we are
traversing the expression tree.
2. If we encounter an expression `BitVec.ofBool boolExpr` we reify
`boolExpr` and then abstract `BitVec.ofBool boolExpr` as some atom `a`
3. We add two lemmas `boolExpr = true -> a = 1#1` and `boolExpr = false
-> a = 0#1`. This mirrors the full behavior of `BitVec.ofBool` and thus
makes our atom `a` correctly interpreted again.
In order to do the reification in step 2 mutual recursion in the
reification engine is required. For this reason I started pulling out
logic from the, now rather large, mutual block into other files and
document the invariants that they assume explicitly.
A step of expanding structure instances is to determine all the default
values, and part of this is reducing projections that appear in the
default values so that they get replaced with the user-provided values.
Binder types in foralls, lambdas, and lets have to be reduced too.
Closes#2186
Refactors the `structure` command to support recursive structures. These
are disabled for now, pending additional elaborator support in #5822.
This refactor is also a step toward `structure` appearing in `mutual`
blocks.
Error reporting is now more precise, and this fixes an issue where
general errors could appear on the last field. Adds "don't know how to
synthesize placeholder" errors for default values.
Closes#2512
This adds a `parentInfo` field to the `StructureInfo`, which will
eventually be populated with the actual parents of a structure. This is
work toward #1881. Also documents fields of the structure info data
structures.
Requires a stage0 update before the next steps.
`generalize ... at *` sometimes will try to modify the recursive
hypothesis corresponding to the current theorem being defined, which may
not be the expected behaviour. It should only try to `generalize`
hypotheses that it can actually modify and are visible, not
implementation details. Otherwise this means that there are
discrepancies between `generalize ... at *` and `generalize ... at H`,
even though `H` is the only hypothesis in the context.
This commit uses `getLocalHyps` instead of `getFVarIds` to get the
current valid `FVarIds` in the context. This uses
`isImplementationDetail` to filter out `FVarIds` that are implementation
details in the context and are not visible to the user and should not be
manipulated by `generalize`.
Closes#4845
Closes#3146
Reduction doesn't trigger correctly on the bodies of `let`-expressions
in `StructInst`, leading some meta-variables to linger in the terms of
some fields. Because of this, default fields may try multiple times (and
fail) to be generated, leading to an unexpected error.
The solution implemented here is to modify the values of the introduced
variables in the local context so as to reduce them correctly.
The `liftCommandElabM : CommandElabM α -> CoreM α` function now carries
over macro scopes, the name generator, info trees, and messages.
Adds a flag `throwOnError`, which is true by default. When it is true,
then if the messages contain an error message, it is converted into an
exception. In this case, the infotrees and messages are not carried
over; the motivation is that `throwOnError` is likely used for synthetic
syntax, and so the info and messages on errors will just be noise.
Cleanup of #5650
* default `Modifiers.stx` to missing
* rename and clarify `addDeclarationRangesFromSyntax` as the main
convenience function for user metaprograms
Add an example Lean file that includes an unusually large definition
that takes a long time to elaborate.
It may be that it's difficult to process it more efficiently, but
perhaps someone will discover a way to improve it if it's in the
benchmark suite. Improved performance on this benchmark will likely make
some program analysis and verification tasks within Lean more feasible.
---------
Co-authored-by: Sebastian Ullrich <sebasti@nullri.ch>
Example new output:
```text
failed to compile 'partial' definition 'checkMyList', could not prove that the type
ListNode → Bool × ListNode
is nonempty.
This process uses multiple strategies:
- It looks for a parameter that matches the return type.
- It tries synthesizing 'Inhabited' and 'Nonempty' instances for the return type.
- It tries unfolding the return type.
If the return type is defined using the 'structure' or 'inductive' command, you can try
adding a 'deriving Nonempty' clause to it.
```
The inhabitation prover now also unfolds definitions when trying to
prove inhabitation. For example,
```lean
def T (α : Type) := α × α
partial def f (n : Nat) : T Nat := f n
```
Motivated [by
Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/channel/113489-new-members/topic/Why.20return.20type.20of.20partial.20function.20MUST.20.60inhabited.60.3F/near/477905312)
Refactors `inductive` elaborator to keep track of universe level
parameters created during elaboration of `variable`s and binders. This
fixes an issue in Mathlib where its `Type*` elaborator can result in
unexpected universe levels.
For example, in
```lean4
variable {F : Type*}
inductive I1 (A B : Type*) (x : F) : Type
```
before this change the signature would be
```
I1.{u_1, u_2} {F : Type u_1} (A : Type u_1) (B : Type u_2) (x : F) : Type
```
but now it is
```
I1.{u_1, u_2, u_3} {F : Type u_1} (A : Type u_2) (B : Type u_3) (x : F) : Type
```
Fixes this for the `axiom` elaborator too.
Adds more accurate universe level validation for mutual inductives.
Breaking change: removes `Lean.Elab.Command.expandDeclId`. Use
`Lean.Elab.Term.expandDeclId` from within `runCommandElabM`.
Breaking changes:
To build Lean from source on Windows, it is now necessary to install the
[Windows
SDK](https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/windows-sdk/).
The build instructions have been updated to reflect this. Note that the
Windows SDK is **not** needed to compile Lean programs using a Lean
toolchain obtained using `elan`. The Windows SDK is only needed to build
Lean itself from source.
Furthermore, we are dropping support for Windows versions older than
Windows 10 1903 (released in May 2019).
No Windows version that is still supported by Microsoft as part of
mainstream support is affected by this.
The following Windows versions are still supported by Microsoft as part
of commercial extended support but are no longer supported by Lean:
- Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC 2015
- Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC 2016
- Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC 2019
- Windows Server 2019
It's difficult to distinguish theorems from regular definitions in the
completion menu, which is annoying when using completion for searching
one or the other. This PR makes theorem completions use the "Eureka!"
icon ()
to distinguish them more clearly from other completions.
NB: We are very limited in terms of which icons we can pick here since
[the completion kinds provided by LSP / VS
Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/intellisense#_types-of-completions)
are optimized for object-oriented programming languages, but I think
this choice strikes a nice balance between being easy to identify,
having some visual connection to theorem proving and not being used a
lot in other languages and thus not clashing with pre-existing
associations.
Between #3106 and this, it was possible that reparsing the file up to
the current position was stuck waiting in the threadpool queue,
displaying a yellow bar and not displaying any info on the unchanged
prefix.
`instantiate_mvars` is now implemented in C/C++, and makes many calls to
`has_fvar`, `has_mvar`. The new C/C++ implementations are inlined and
avoid unnecessary RC inc/decs.
Previously `RecursorVal.getInduct` would return the prefix of the
recursor’s name, which is unlikely the right value for the “derived”
recursors in nested recursion. The code using `RecursorVal.getInduct`
seems to expect the name of the inductive type of major argument here.
If we return that name, this fixes#5661.
This bug becomes more visible now that we have structural mutual
recursion.
Also, to avoid confusion, renames the function to ``getMajorInduct`.
This PR simplifies the signature of `Array.mapIdx`, to take a function
`f : Nat \to \a \to \b` rather than a function `f : Fin as.size \to \a
\to \b`.
Lean doesn't actually use the extra generality anywhere (so in fact this
change *simplifies* all the call sites of `Array.mapIdx`, since we no
longer need to throw away the proof).
This change would make the function signature equivalent to
`List.mapIdx`, hence making it easier to write verification lemmas.
We keep the original behaviour as `Array.mapFinIdx`.
This replaces `export Lean (Name NameMap)` and `export System
(SearchPath FilePath)` with the relevant `open` commands. This fixes
docgen output so that it can refer to, for example, `Lean.Name` instead
of `Lake.Name`.
The reason for these `export`s was convenience: by doing `open Lake` you
could get these aliases for free. However, aliases affect pretty
printing, and the Lake aliases took precedence. We don't want to disable
pretty printing re-exported names because this can be a valid pattern
(names could incrementally get re-exported from namespace to parent
namespace).
In the future we might implement a feature to be able to `scoped open`
some names.
Breaking change: Lakefiles that refer to `FilePath` may need to change
this to `System.FilePath` or otherwise add `open System (FilePath)`.
Closes#2524
This PR resolves the following issues related to goal state display:
1. In a new line after a `case` tactic with a completed proof, the state
of the proof in the `case` would be displayed, not the proof state after
the `case`
1. In the range of `next =>` / `case' ... =>`, the state of the proof in
the corresponding case would not be displayed, whereas this is true for
`case`
1. In the `suffices ... by` tactic, the tactic state of the `by` block
was not displayed after the `by` and before the first tactic
The incorrect goal state after `case` was caused by `evalCase` adding a
`TacticInfo` with the full block proof state for the full range of the
`case` block that the goal state selection has no means of
distinguishing from the `TacticInfo` with the same range that contains
the state after the whole `case` block. Narrowing the range of this
`TacticInfo` to `case ... =>` fixed this issue.
The lack of a case proof state on `next =>` was caused by the `case`
syntax that `next` expands to receiving noncanonical synthetic
`SourceInfo`, which is usually ignored by the language server. Adding a
token antiquotation for `next` fixed this issue.
The lack of a case proof state on `case' ... =>` was caused by
`evalCase'` not adding a `TacticInfo` with the full block state to the
range of `case' ... =>`. Adding this `TacticInfo` fixed this issue.
The tactic state of the block not being displayed after the `by` was
caused by the macro expansion of `suffices` to `have` not transferring
the trailing whitespace of the `by`. Ensuring that this trailing
whitespace information is transferred fixed this issue.
Fixes#2881.
Should ensure we visit at most as many expr nodes as in the final expr
instead of many possibly overlapping mvar assignments. This is likely
the only way we can ensure acceptable performance in all cases.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <kim@tqft.net>
this option was added in fb97275dcb to
prepare for #4595, due to boostrapping issues, but #4595 has not landed
yet. This is be very confusing when people discover this option and try
to use it (as I did).
So let's clearly mark this as not yet implemented on `master`, and add
the
docstring only with #4595.
Since `getMsbD_add`, `getMsbD_sub`, `getLsbD_sub`, `msb_sub` , `msb_add`
depend on `getLsbD_add` (which lives in`BitBlast.lean`) and on each
other, I put all of these in `BitBlast.lean`.
It bothered me that inferring instances of the shape `Decidable (∀ (x : Fin _), _)`
will go linearly through all instances of that shape, even those that are
about `∀ (x : Nat), …`. And that `Decidable (∃ (x : Fin _), _)` gets better
indexing than `Decidable (∀ (x : Fin _), _)`.
Judging from code comments, the discr tree used to index arrow types
with two arguments (domain and body), and that led to bugs due to the
dependency, so the arguments were removed. But it seems that indexing
the domain is completely simple and innocent.
So let’s see what happens…
Mostly only insignificant perf improvements, unfortunately (~Mathlib.Data.Matroid.IndepAxioms — instructions -11.4B, overall build instructions -0.097 %):
http://speed.lean-fro.org/mathlib4/compare/dd333cc1-fa26-42f2-96c6-b0e66047d0b6/to/6875ff8f-a17c-431d-8b8b-2f00799be794
This is just a small baby step compared to the more invasive improvements
done in the [`RefinedDiscrTree` by J. W. Gerbscheid](https://leanprover-community.github.io/mathlib4_docs/Mathlib/Tactic/FunProp/RefinedDiscrTree.html) in mathlib.
I made a few choices so far that can probably be discussed:
- got rid of `modn` on `UInt`, nobody seems to use it apart from the
definition of `shift` which can use normal `mod`
- removed the previous defeq optimized definition of `USize.size` in
favor for a normal one. The motivation was to allow `OfNat` to work
which doesn't seem to be necessary anymore afaict.
- Minimized uses of `.val`, should we maybe mark it deprecated?
- Mostly got rid of `.val` in basically all theorems as the proper next
level of API would now be `.toBitVec`. We could probably re-prove them
but it would be more annoying given the change of definition.
- Did not yet redefine `log2` in terms of `BitVec` as this would require
a `log2` in `BitVec` as well, do we want this?
- I added a couple of theorems around the relation of `<` on `UInt` and
`Nat`. These were previously not needed because defeq was used all over
the place to save us. I did not yet generalize these to all types as I
wasn't sure if they are the appropriate lemma that we want to have.
Adds `pushGoal`/`pushGoals` and `popGoal` for manipulating the goal
state. These are an alternative to `replaceMainGoal` and `getMainGoal`,
and with them you don't need to worry about making sure nothing clears
assigned metavariables from the goal list between assigning the main
goal and using `replaceMainGoal`.
Modifies `closeMainGoalUsing`, which is like a `TacticM` version of
`liftMetaTactic`. Now the callback is run in a context where the main
goal is removed from the goal list, and the callback is free to modify
the goal list. Furthermore, the `checkUnassigned` argument has been
replaced with `checkNewUnassigned`, which checks whether the value
assigned to the goal has any *new* metavariables, relative to the start
of execution of the callback. This API is sufficient for the `exact`
tactic for example.
Modifies `withCollectingNewGoalsFrom` to take the `parentTag` argument
explicitly rather than indirectly via `getMainTag`. This is needed when
used under `closeMainGoalUsing`.
Modifies `elabTermWithHoles` to optionally take `parentTag?`. It
defaults to `getMainTag` if it is `none`.
Renames `Tactic.tryCatch` to `Tactic.tryCatchRestore`, and adds a
`Tactic.tryCatch` that doesn't do backtracking.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <kim@tqft.net>
`getNumHeadForalls` and `getNumHeadLambdas` were both duplicated
downstream with different names; I'll clean up those next.
Also adds `getAppNumArgs'`.
it seems to be unused, arguably even for kernel recursors their type
should be usable with `mkRecursorInfo`, and removing this will help
understand the impact of #5679.
Mathlib has a duplicate of this instance as `Quotient.decidableEq` (with
the same implementation) and refers to it by name a few times, so let's
just rename our version to the mathlib name so that the copy in mathlib
can be dropped.
This takes a few standalone bitvector problems, about inequalties, from
LNSym, and adds them as a benchmark to prevent further regressions with
bv_decide.
These problems are particularly interesting, because they've previously
had a bad interaction with bv_decides normalization pass, see
https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/issues/5664.
---------
Co-authored-by: Henrik Böving <hargonix@gmail.com>
Projects like mathlib like to define projection functions with extra
structure, for example one could imagine defining `Multiset.card :
Multiset α →+ Nat`, which bundles the fact that `Multiset.card (m1 + m2)
= Multiset.card m1 + Multiset.card m2` for all `m1 m2 : Multiset α`. A
problem though is that so far this has prevented dot notation from
working: you can't write `(m1 + m2).card = m1.card + m2.card`.
With this PR, now you can. The way it works is that "LValue resolution"
will apply CoeFun instances when trying to resolve which argument should
receive the object of dot notation.
A contrived-yet-representative example:
```lean
structure Equiv (α β : Sort _) where
toFun : α → β
invFun : β → α
infixl:25 " ≃ " => Equiv
instance: CoeFun (α ≃ β) fun _ => α → β where
coe := Equiv.toFun
structure Foo where
n : Nat
def Foo.n' : Foo ≃ Nat := ⟨Foo.n, Foo.mk⟩
variable (f : Foo)
#check f.n'
-- Foo.n'.toFun f : Nat
```
Design note 1: While LValue resolution attempts to make use of named
arguments when positional arguments cannot be used, when we apply CoeFun
instances we disallow making use of named arguments. The rationale is
that argument names for CoeFun instances tend to be random, which could
lead dot notation randomly succeeding or failing. It is better to be
uniform, and so it uniformly fails in this case.
Design note 2: There is a limitation in that this will *not* make use of
the values of any of the provided arguments when synthesizing the CoeFun
instances (see the tests for an example), since argument elaboration
takes place after LValue resolution. However, we make sure that
synthesis will fail rather than choose the wrong CoeFun instance.
Performance note: Such instances will be synthesized twice, once during
LValue resolution, and again when applying arguments.
This also adds in a small optimization to the parameter list computation
in LValue resolution so that it lazily reduces when a relevant parameter
hasn't been found yet, rather than using `forallTelescopeReducing`. It
also switches to using `forallMetaTelescope` to make sure the CoeFun
synthesis will fail if multiple instances could apply.
Getting this to pretty print will be deferred to future work.
Closes#1910
Gives more control over pretty printing metavariables.
- When `pp.mvars.levels` is false, then universe level metavariables
pretty print as `_` rather than `?u.22`
- When `pp.mvars.anonymous` is false, then anonymous metavariables
pretty print as `?_` rather than `?m.22`. Named metavariables still
pretty print with their names. When this is false, it also sets
`pp.mvars.levels` to false, since every level metavariable is anonymous.
- When `pp.mvars` is false, then all metavariables pretty print as `?_`
or `_`.
Modifies TryThis to use `pp.mvars.anonymous` rather than doing a
post-delaboration modification. This incidentally improves TryThis since
it now prints universe level metavariables as `_` rather than `?u.22`.
We trust that the users read the error messages or tactic docs to
discover the option.
AWS problems have shown that this can be too eager of an operation to
do.
Given that we have the luxury of interactivity let's go for an approach
where the users
can optionally enable it.
This PR ensures that deprecated declarations are displayed with a
strikethrough markup in the completion popup of VS Code and that the
docstring of a completion item denotes the meta-data of the deprecation.
These lemmas are peeled from `leanprover/lnsym`.
Moreover, note that these lemmas only hold when we do not have overflow
in their operands, and thus, we are able to treat the operands as if
they were 'regular' natural numbers.
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <github@grosser.es>
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott@tqft.net>
Divison proofs are more likely to depend on add/sub/mul proofs than the
other way around. This cleans up
https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/pull/5609, which added division
proofs that rely on negation to already be defined.
Closes#5682
- Removes the broken `-f` flag from the help message which doesn't
behave as expected as an alternative to `--features`.
- Adds the `-g` flag to the help message which is a working alternative
to the `--githash` flag.
Lake will now only automatically fetch Reservoir build caches for
package in the the `leanprover` and `leanprover-community`
organizations. We are not planning to expand the Reservoir build cache
to other packages until farther in the future.
Makes `#eval` use the `elabMutualDef` machinery to process all the `let
rec`s that might appear in the expression. This now works:
```lean
#eval
let rec fact (n : Nat) : Nat :=
match n with
| 0 => 1
| n' + 1 => n * fact n'
fact 5
```
Closes#2374
The `decide!` tactic is like `decide`, but when it tries reducing the
`Decidable` instance it uses kernel reduction rather than the
elaborator's reduction.
The kernel ignores transparency, so it can unfold all definitions (for
better or for worse). Furthermore, by using kernel reduction we can
cache the result as an auxiliary lemma — this is more efficient than
`decide`, which needs to reduce the instance twice: once in the
elaborator to check whether the tactic succeeds, and once again in the
kernel during final typechecking.
While RFC #5629 proposes a `decide!` that skips checking altogether
during elaboration, with this PR's `decide!` we can use `decide!` as
more-or-less a drop-in replacement for `decide`, since the tactic will
fail if kernel reduction fails.
This PR also includes two small fixes:
- `blameDecideReductionFailure` now uses `withIncRecDepth`.
- `Lean.Meta.zetaReduce` now instantiates metavariables while zeta
reducing.
Some profiling:
```lean
set_option maxRecDepth 2000
set_option trace.profiler true
set_option trace.profiler.threshold 0
theorem thm1 : 0 < 1 := by decide!
theorem thm1' : 0 < 1 := by decide
theorem thm2 : ∀ x < 400, x * x ≤ 160000 := by decide!
theorem thm2' : ∀ x < 400, x * x ≤ 160000 := by decide
/-
[Elab.command] [0.003655] theorem thm1 : 0 < 1 := by decide!
[Elab.command] [0.003164] theorem thm1' : 0 < 1 := by decide
[Elab.command] [0.133223] theorem thm2 : ∀ x < 400, x * x ≤ 160000 := by decide!
[Elab.command] [0.252310] theorem thm2' : ∀ x < 400, x * x ≤ 160000 := by decide
-/
```
---------
Co-authored-by: Joachim Breitner <mail@joachim-breitner.de>
Deprecates `inductive ... :=`, `structure ... :=`, and `class ... :=` in
favor of the `... where` variant. Currently this syntax produces a
warning, controlled by the `linter.deprecated` option.
Breaking change: modifies `Lean.Linter.logLintIf` to use
`Lean.Linter.getLinterValue` to determine if a linter value is set. This
means that the `linter.all` option now is taken into account when the
linter option is not set.
Part of #5236
This PR enables tactic completion in the whitespace of a tactic proof
and adds tactic docstrings to the completion menu.
Future work:
- A couple of broken tactic completions: This is due to tactic
completion now using @david-christiansen's `Tactic.Doc.allTacticDocs` to
obtain the tactic docstrings and should be fixed soon.
- Whitespace tactic completion in tactic combinators: This requires
changing the syntax of tactic combinators to produce a syntax node that
makes it clear that a tactic is expected at the given position.
Closes#1651.
When named arguments introduce eta arguments, the full application
contains fvars for these eta arguments, so `MVarErrorKind.implicitArg`
needs to keep a local context for its error messages. This is because
the local context of the mvar associated to the `MVarErrorKind` is not
sufficient, since when an eta argument come after an implicit argument,
the implicit argument's mvar doesn't contain the eta argument's fvar in
its local context.
Closes#5475
Now one can write `@x.f`, `@(x).f`, `@x.1`, `@(x).1`, and so on.
This fixes an issue where structure instance update notation (like `{x
with a := a'}`) could fail if the field `a` had a type with implicit,
optional, or auto parameters.
Closes#5406
Fixes#5565, by using tags instead of trying to string match on a
`MessageData`. This ends up reverting some unwanted test output changes
from #4781 too.
This changes `isMaxRecDepth` for good measure too.
This was a regression in Lean 4.11.0, so may be worth backporting to
4.12.x, if not also 4.11.x.
A Lake build of target within a a package will no longer build a
package's dependencies package-level extra targets dependencies. At the
technical level, a package's `extraDep` facet no longer transitively
builds its dependencies' `extraDep` facet.
Closes#5633.
Closes#5634. Before assigning the simplified `using` clause expression
to the goal, this adds a check that the expression has no new
metavariables. It also adjusts how new hypotheses are added to the goal
to prevent spurious "don't know how to synthesize placeholder" errors on
that goal metavariable. We also throw in an occurs check immediately
after elaboration to avoid some counterintuitive behavior when
simplifying such a term closes the goal.
Closes#4101. This also improves the type mismatch error message,
showing the elaborated `using` clause rather than `h✝`:
```lean
example : False := by
simpa using (fun x : True => x)
/-
error: type mismatch, term
fun x => x
after simplification has type
True : Prop
but is expected to have type
False : Prop
-/
```
A `Prop`-valued inductive type is a syntactic subsingleton if it has at
most one constructor and all the arguments to the constructor are in
`Prop`. Such types have large elimination, so they could be defined in
`Type` or `Prop` without any trouble, though users tend to expect that
such types define a `Prop` and need to learn to insert `: Prop`.
Currently, the default universe for types is `Type`. This PR adds a
heuristic: if a type is a syntactic subsingleton with exactly one
constructor, and the constructor has at least one parameter, then the
`inductive` command will prefer creating a `Prop` instead of a `Type`.
For `structure`, we ask for at least one field.
More generally, for mutual inductives, each type needs to be a syntactic
subsingleton, at least one type must have one constructor, and at least
one constructor must have at least one parameter. The motivation for
this restriction is that every inductive type starts with a zero
constructors and each constructor starts with zero fields, and
stubbed-out types shouldn't be `Prop`.
Thanks to @arthur-adjedj for the investigation in #2695 and to @digama0
for formulating the heuristic.
Closes#2690
This refactors and improves the `#eval` command, introducing some new
features.
* Now evaluated results can be represented using `ToExpr` and pretty
printing. This means **hoverable output**. If `ToExpr` fails, it then
tries `Repr` and then `ToString`. The `eval.pp` option controls whether
or not to try `ToExpr`.
* There is now **auto-derivation** of `Repr` instances, enabled with the
`pp.derive.repr` option (default to **true**). For example:
```lean
inductive Baz
| a | b
#eval Baz.a
-- Baz.a
```
It simply does `deriving instance Repr for Baz` when there's no way to
represent `Baz`. If core Lean gets `ToExpr` derive handlers, they could
be used here as well.
* The option `eval.type` controls whether or not to include the type in
the output. For now the default is false.
* Now things like `#eval do return 2` work. It tries using
`CommandElabM`, `TermElabM`, or `IO` when the monad is unknown.
* Now there is no longer `Lean.Eval` or `Lean.MetaEval`. These each used
to be responsible for both adapting monads and printing results. The
concerns have been split into two. (1) The `MonadEval` class is
responsible for adapting monads for evaluation (it is similar to
`MonadLift`, but instances are allowed to use default data when
initializing state) and (2) finding a way to represent results is
handled separately.
* Error messages about failed instance synthesis are now more precise.
Once it detects that a `MonadEval` class applies, then the error message
will be specific about missing `ToExpr`/`Repr`/`ToString` instances.
* Fixes a bug where `Repr`/`ToString` instances can't be found by
unfolding types "under the monad". For example, this works now:
```lean
def Foo := List Nat
def Foo.mk (l : List Nat) : Foo := l
#eval show Lean.CoreM Foo from do return Foo.mk [1,2,3]
```
* Elaboration errors now abort evaluation. This eliminates some
not-so-relevant error messages.
* Now evaluating a value of type `m Unit` never prints a blank message.
* Fixes bugs where evaluating `MetaM` and `CoreM` wouldn't collect log
messages.
The `run_cmd`, `run_elab`, and `run_meta` commands are now frontends for
`#eval`.
This verifies a bit hack from here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lehmer_random_number_generator#Sample_C99_code
I previously ran the SMTLIB equivalent this with Bitwuzla in my crypto
class and got the following numbers:
- 22s with Bitwuzla
- Z3 and CVC5 don't yet terminate after > 2min
Now with`bv_decide` the overall timing is 33.7s, consisting of:
- 5s of checking the LRAT cert
- 5s of trimming the LRAT cert from 800k to 300k proof steps
- remainder actual solving time
So running `bv_decide` like a normal SMT solver without verifying the
result of the SAT solver would yield approximately ~24s.
Where before we had
```lean
#check fun x : Nat => ?a
-- fun x ↦ ?m.7 x : (x : Nat) → ?m.6 x
```
Now by default we have
```lean
#check fun x : Nat => ?a
-- fun x => ?a : (x : Nat) → ?m.6 x
```
In particular, delayed assignment metavariables such as `?m.7` pretty
print using the name of the metavariable they are delayed assigned to,
suppressing the bound variables used in the delayed assignment (hence
`?a` rather than `?a x`). Hovering over `?a` shows `?m.7 x`.
The benefit is that users can see the user-provided name in local
contexts. A justification for this pretty printing choice is that `?m.7
x` is supposed to stand for `?a`, and furthermore it is just as opaque
to assignment in defeq as `?a` is (however, when synthetic opaque
metavariables are made assignable, delayed assignments can be a little
less assignable than true synthetic opaque metavariables).
The original pretty printing behavior can be recovered using `set_option
pp.mvars.delayed true`.
This PR also extends the documentation for holes and synthetic holes,
with some technical details about what delayed assignments are. This
likely should be moved to the reference manual, but for now it is
included in this docstring.
(This PR is a simplified version of #3494, which has a round-trippable
notation for delayed assignments. The pretty printing in this PR is
unlikely to round trip, but it is better than the current situation,
which is that delayed assignment metavariables never round trip, and
plus it does not require introducing a new notation.)
The app unexpanders for `Name.mkStr1` through `Name.mkStr8` weren't
respecting the escaping rules for names. For example, ``#check `«a.b»``
would show `` `a.b``.
This PR folds the unexpanders into the name literal delaborator, where
escaping is already handled.
The `#guard_msgs` command runs the command it is attached to as if it
were a top-level command. This is because the top-level command
elaborator runs linters, and we are interested in capturing linter
warnings using `#guard_msgs`. However, the linters will run on
`#guard_msgs` itself, leading sometimes to duplicate warnings (like for
the unused variable linter).
Rather than special-casing `#guard_msgs` in every affected linter, this
PR special-cases it in the top-level command elaborator itself. **Now
linters are only run if the command doesn't contain `#guard_msgs`.**
This way, the linters are only run on the sub-command that `#guard_msgs`
runs itself. This rule also keeps linters from running multiple times in
cases such as `set_option pp.mvars false in /-- ... -/ #guard_msgs in
...`.
This follows the norm for all other Bitvector operations, and makes the
symbols `/` and `%` the simp normal form.
I'd imagine that @hargonix would prefer that this be merged after
https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/pull/5628, so as to prevent churn
for his PR. I'm happy to rebase the PR once the other PR lands.
---------
Co-authored-by: Henrik Böving <hargonix@gmail.com>
These lemmas explain what happens when the denominator is zero with
`udiv`, `umod`, `sdiv`, `smod`. A follow-up PR will show what happens
with `smtUDiv` and `smtSMod`, since these need some more bitvector
theory.
These lemmas will be used by `bv_decide` for bitblasting.
The theorems `{sdiv, smod}_zero` are located after `neg` theory has been
built for the purpose of writing terse proofs.
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <github@grosser.es>
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <tobias@grosser.es>
This PR fixes three problems:
- When the language server is being stopped in a non-normal way without
going through the regular LSP shutdown protocol (e.g. by closing VS
Code), it could sometimes happen that both the watchdog and the file
worker were not properly terminated and lingered around forever,
resulting in zombie processes (#5296)
- When the file worker crashes and the user restarts it by making a
change to the document, the file worker would produce incorrect
diagnostics for the document until the file is restarted.
- (Minor) When the file worker would crash during initialization, the
error diagnostic would be reported on stderr instead of stdout
The deadlock-induced termination issue from #5296 should be resolved by
the following measures:
- The watchdog main task is always terminated with `IO.Process.exit` to
ensure that it terminates even if some other tasks in the process are
still running.
- The file worker communication task in the watchdog no longer waits for
the file worker process to terminate when writing to the client fails,
only when reading from the file worker fails.
- When the watchdog shuts down (either as a result of an orderly or a
non-normal shutdown), instead of waiting for the file worker
communication tasks to complete, it kills the file worker process. The
rationale behind this is that the file worker currently should have no
essential work to complete if the server is being stopped anyways, and
so waiting for the communication task is not necessary.
The file worker diagnostic desync after a crash was caused by us
tracking changes to the document of a crashed file worker twice: Once as
part of the document, and once as part of the queued messages to the
file worker. This meant that when the file worker was restarted, it
would receive the changes made to the document while the file worker was
crashed twice, leading to a desynced document state.
(Probably) fixes#5296.
... while at it also call `trivial` to close goals that can be trivially
closed.
---------
Co-authored-by: Siddharth <siddu.druid@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Henrik Böving <hargonix@gmail.com>
when the transparency mode is `.all`, then one expects `getFunInfo` and
`inferType` to also work with that transparency mode.
Fixes#5562Fixes#2975Fixes#2194
While `initialize` pretended it had the declaration name of the constant
to be initialized, missing declaration ranges for the latter led call
hierarchy etc. to ignore the definition
Lake no longer attempts to fetch the Reservoir build cache if the build
directory is already present. Plus, failure of the automatic fetch now
only produces a trace message, not a warning.
@kim-em, I'm happy to keep any subset of `foldl_min`, `foldl_min_right`,
`foldl_min_le`, `foldl_min_min_of_le` (should that one have been called
`foldl_min_le_of_le`?). Which ones do you like?
I think the overhead (runtime/later proving) of using `for` is paid off
by being able to short-circuit.
These functions are needed downstream to switch over the Std.HashSet.
On Windows, shared libraries must be removed before linking. Otherwise,
linking can fail with "Permission denied" when the libraries are in use.
This ensures such removal is done for the new `libLake_shared.dll` and
both parts of `libleanshared`.
Lake no longer attempts to fetch Reservoir build caches (barrels) for
non-Reservoir dependencies, and it will only fetch them for Reservoir
dependencies in the presence of a known toolchain.
Also, optional build job failures are now only displayed in verbose
mode.
In C, these are supported only as a vendor extension; they should
instead use proper C99 flexible array members.
In C++, both `[]` and `[0]` are vendor extensions.
Co-authored-by: Thomas Köppe <tkoeppe@google.com>
The constructor `AttributeExtensionOLeanEntry.decl` and related code
seems to be unused, and has been unused since its introduction in
a77598f7cf three years ago. Probably worth
removing (and changing the now one-constructor inductive into a
structure).
ac_nf is a counterpart to ac_rfl, which normalizes bitvector expressions
with respect to associativity and commutativity.
While there, also add test coverage for ac_rfl and ac_nf for BitVec,
complementing the existing test coverage.
The lemma `exists_const` already handles all real cases of `(∃ _ : α, p)
↔ p` for general types `α`. If there are no `Nonempty` instances and
this lemma cannot apply, it seems unlikely that simp could make more
progress with `(∃ _ : α, p) ↔ Nonempty α ∧ p`.
However, it is still worth simplifying `(∃ _ : p, q)` to `p ∧ q`.
Also adds a `Nonempty (Decidable a)` instance, which is used by Mathlib.
…|twoPow|one|replicate]
... and mark `getElem_setWidth` as `@[simp]`.
`getElem_rotateLeft` and `getElem_rotateRight` have a non-trivial rhs
but we follow `getLsbD_[rotateLeft|rotateRight]`for consistency.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott@tqft.net>
Adds Reservoir as another possible source of build caches in addition to
GitHub releases. If a GitHub release is not configured for a Reservoir
dependency, it will attempt download a build cache from Reservoir. Like
with GitHub releases, failure will not stop the build and instead issue
a warning. Many of the Lake API calls related to these build caches were
refactored and renamed, with the old names remaining around as
deprecated aliases.
Build cache downloads (from Reservoir or GitHub) can now be disabled via
the `--no-cache` CLI option or the `LAKE_NO_CACHE` environment variable.
A disabled cache can be re-enable with the `--try-cache` CLI option.
Macros sometimes create auxiliary types and instances about them, and
they rely on the instance name generate to create unique names in that
case.
This modifies the automatic name generator to add a fresh macro scope to
the generated name if any of the constants in the type of the instance
themselves have macro scopes.
Closes#2044
Generally works best to pick up the proofs by unification with the lhs.
pinging @hargoniX as this goes by, as it changes some proofs in
bv_decide (nothing interesting, just a bit simpler)
@bollu, it would be good to have confirmation from you, but presumably
this was not meant to be `@[simp]`? It competes with `divRec_succ`, and
has a terrible RHS.
after this change, `simp` will be able to discharge side-goals that,
after simplification, are of the form `∀ …, a = b` with `a =?= b`.
Usually these side-goals are solved by simplification using `eq_self`,
but that does not work when there are metavariables involved.
This enables us to have rewrite rules like
```
theorem List.foldl_subtype (p : α → Prop) (l : List (Subtype p)) (f : β → Subtype p → β)
(g : β → α → β) (b : β)
(hf : ∀ b x h, f b ⟨x, h⟩ = g b x) :
l.foldl f b = (l.map (·.val)).foldl g b := by
```
where the parameter `g` does not appear on the lhs, but can be solved
for using the `hf` equation. See `tests/lean/run/simpHigherOrder.lean`
for more examples.
The motivating use-case is that `simp` should be able to clean up the
usual
```
l.attach.map (fun <x, _> => x)
```
idiom often seen in well-founded recursive functions with nested
recursion.
Care needs to be taken with adding such rules to the default simp set if
the lhs is very general, and thus causes them to be tried everywhere.
Performance impact of just this PR (no additional simp rules) on mathlib
is unsuspicious:
http://speed.lean-fro.org/mathlib4/compare/b5bc44c7-e53c-4b6c-9184-bbfea54c4f80/to/ae1d769b-2ff2-4894-940c-042d5a698353
I tried a few alternatives, e.g. letting `simp` apply `eq_self` without
bumping the mvar depth, or just solve equalities directly, but that
broke too much things, and adding code to the default discharger seemed
simpler.
The formatter was using `tk ++ " "` to separate tokens from tokens they
would merge with, but `" "` is not whitespace that could merge. This
affected large binder lists, which wouldn't pretty print with any line
breaks. Now they can be flowed across multiple lines.
Closes#5424
Just an `Array` version of `List.eraseReps`. These functions are for now
outside of scope for verification, so there's just a simple `example` in
the tests.
Now the elab-as-elim procedure allows eliminators whose result is an
arbitrary application of the motive. For example, the following is now
accepted. It will generalize `Int.natAbs _` from the expected type.
```lean
@[elab_as_elim]
theorem natAbs_elim {motive : Nat → Prop} (i : Int)
(hpos : ∀ (n : Nat), i = n → motive n)
(hneg : ∀ (n : Nat), i = -↑n → motive n) :
motive (Int.natAbs i) := by sorry
```
This change simplifies the elaborator, since it no longer needs to keep
track of discriminants (which can easily be read off from the return
type of the eliminator) or the difference between "targets" and "extra
arguments" (which are now both "major arguments" that should be eagerly
elaborated).
Closes#4086
`BitVec.Lemmas` contained a couple of non-terminal simps. We turn
non-terminal `simp$`, `simp [`, and `simp at` expressions into `simp
only` to improve code maintainability.
This was upstreamed from Mathlib in #5478, but leaving off the `@[simp]`
attribute, thereby breaking Mathlib. (We could of course add the simp
attribute back in Mathlib, but wherever it lives it should have been in
place at the time we merged -- this way I have to add it temporarily in
Mathlib and then remove it again once it is redundant.)
Recall that currently named arguments suppress all explicit parameters
that are dependencies. This PR limits this feature to only apply to true
structure projections, except in the case where it is triggered when
there are no more positional arguments. This preserves the primary
reason for generalizing this feature (issue #1851), while removing the
generalized feature, which has led to numerous confusions (issue #1867).
This also fixes a bug pointed out [on
Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/270676-lean4/topic/.40foo.20.28A.20.3A.3D.20bar.29.20_.20_/near/468564862)
where in `@` mode, instance implicit parameter dependencies to named
arguments would be suppressed unless the next positional argument was
`_`.
More detail:
* The `NamedArg` structure now has a `suppressDeps : Bool` field. It is
set to `true` for the `self` argument in structure projections. If there
is such a `NamedArg`, explicit parameters that are dependencies to the
named argument are turned into implicit arguments. The consequence is
that *all* structure projections are treated as if their type parameters
are implicit, even for class projections. This flag is *not* used for
generalized field notation.
* We preserve the suppression feature when there are no positional
arguments remaining. This feature pre-dates the fix to issue #1851, and
it is useful when combining named arguments and the eta expansion
feature, since dependencies of named arguments cannot be turned into eta
arguments. Plus, there are examples of the form `rw [lem (h := foo)]`
where `lem` has explicit arguments that `h` depends on.
* For instance implicit parameters in explicit mode, now `_` arguments
register terminfo and are hoverable.
* Now `..` is respected in explicit mode.
This implements RFC #5397. The `suppressDeps` flag suggests a future
possibility of a named argument syntax that can suppress dependencies.
Adds a mechanism where when an autoparam tactic fails to synthesize a
parameter, the associated parameter name or field name for the autoparam
is reported in an error.
Examples:
```text
could not synthesize default value for parameter 'h' using tactics
could not synthesize default value for field 'inv' of 'S' using tactics
```
Notes:
* Autoparams now run their tactics without any error recovery or
error-to-sorry enabled. This enables catching the error and reporting
the contextual information. This is justified on the grounds that
autoparams are not interactive.
* Autoparams for applications now cleanup the autoParam annotation,
bringing it in line with autoparams for structure fields.
* This preserves the old behavior that autoparams leave terminfo, but we
will revisit this after some imminent improvements to the unused
variable linter.
Closes#2950
`elabEvalUnsafe` already does something similar: it also instantiates
universe metavariables, but it is not clear to me whether that is
sensible here.
To be conservative, I leave it out of this PR.
See https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/pull/3090#discussion_r1432007590
for a comparison between `#eval` and `Meta.evalExpr`. This PR is not
trying to fully align them, but just to fix one particular misalignment
that I am impacted by.
Closes#3091
This PR adds the theorems
```
@[simp]
theorem divRec_zero (qr : DivModState w) :
divRec w w 0 n d qr = qr
@[simp]
theorem divRec_succ' (wn : Nat) (qr : DivModState w) :
divRec w wr (wn + 1) n d qr =
let r' := shiftConcat qr.r (n.getLsbD wn)
let input : DivModState w :=
if r' < d then ⟨qr.q.shiftConcat false, r'⟩ else ⟨qr.q.shiftConcat true, r' - d⟩
divRec w (wr + 1) wn n d input
```
The final statements may need some masasging to interoperate with
`bv_decide`. We prove the recurrence for unsigned division by building a
shift-subtract circuit, and then showing that this circuit obeys the
division algorithm's invariant.
---
A `DivModState` is lawful if the remainder width `wr` plus the dividend
width `wn` equals `w`,
and the bitvectors `r` and `n` have values in the bounds given by
bitwidths `wr`, resp. `wn`.
This is a proof engineering choice: An alternative world could have
`r : BitVec wr` and `n : BitVec wn`, but this required much more
dependent typing coercions.
Instead, we choose to declare all involved bitvectors as length `w`, and
then prove that
the values are within their respective bounds.
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <github@grosser.es>
Co-authored-by: Alex Keizer <alex@keizer.dev>
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott@tqft.net>
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <tobias@grosser.es>
There's a comment on `withHeartbeats` that says "See also
Lean.withSeconds", but his definition does not seem to actually exist.
Hence, I've removed the comment.
Add iff version of `List.IsPrefix.getElem`, and `eq_of_length_le`
variants of `List.IsInfix.eq_of_length, List.IsPrefix.eq_of_length,
List.IsSuffix.eq_of_length`
We make sure that we can pull `List.toArray` out through all operations
(well, for now "most" rather than "all"). As we also push `Array.toList`
inwards, this hopefully has the effect of them cancelling as they meet,
and `simp` naturally rewriting Array operations into List operations
wherever possible.
This is not at all complete yet.
building upon #3714, this (almost) implements the second half of #3302.
The main effect is that we now get a better error message when `rfl`
fails. For
```lean
example : n+1+m = n + (1+m) := by rfl
```
instead of the wall of text
```
The rfl tactic failed. Possible reasons:
- The goal is not a reflexive relation (neither `=` nor a relation with a @[refl] lemma).
- The arguments of the relation are not equal.
Try using the reflexivity lemma for your relation explicitly, e.g. `exact Eq.refl _` or
`exact HEq.rfl` etc.
n m : Nat
⊢ n + 1 + m = n + (1 + m)
```
we now get
```
error: tactic 'rfl' failed, the left-hand side
n + 1 + m
is not definitionally equal to the right-hand side
n + (1 + m)
n m : Nat
⊢ n + 1 + m = n + (1 + m)
```
Unfortunately, because of very subtle differences in semantics (which
transparency setting is used when reducing the goal and whether the
“implicit lambda” feature applies) I could not make this simply the only
`rfl` implementation. So `rfl` remains a macro and is still expanded to
`eq_refl` (difference transparency setting) and `exact Iff.rfl` and
`exact HEq.rfl` (implicit lambda) to not break existing code. This can
be revised later, so this still closes: #3302.
A user might still be puzzled *why* to terms are not defeq. Explaining
that better (“reduced to… and reduces to… etc.”) would also be great,
but that’s not specific to `rfl`, so better left for some other time.
Previously the formatter was using the builtin token table rather that
the one in the current environment. This could lead to round-tripping
failures for user-defined notations.
For an illustrative example, given the following notation
```lean
infixl:65 "+'" => Int.add
notation:65 a:65 "+'-" b:66 => Int.add a (id b)
```
then `5 +' -1` would parse as `Int.add 5 (-1)` and incorrectly pretty
print as `5+'-1`, which in turn would parse as `Int.add 5 (id 1)`. Now
it pretty prints as `5+' -1`.
Modifies how the declaration command elaborator reports when there are
unassigned metavariables. The visible effects are that (1) now errors
like "don't know how to synthesize implicit argument" and "failed to
infer 'let' declaration type" take precedence over universe level
issues, (2) universe level metavariables are reported as metavariables
(rather than as `u_1`, `u_2`, etc.), and (3) if the universe level
metavariables appear in `let` binding types or `fun` binder types, the
error is localized there.
Motivation: Reporting unsolved expression metavariables is more
important than universe level issues (typically universe issues are from
unsolved expression metavariables). Furthermore, `let` and `fun` binders
can't introduce universe polymorphism, so we can "blame" such bindings
for universe metavariables, if possible.
Example 1: Now the errors are on `x` and `none` (reporting expression
metavariables) rather than on `example` (which reported universe level
metavariables).
```lean
example : IO Unit := do
let x := none
pure ()
```
Example 2: Now there is a "failed to infer universe levels in 'let'
declaration type" error on `PUnit`.
```lean
def foo : IO Unit := do
let x : PUnit := PUnit.unit
pure ()
```
In more detail:
* `elabMutualDef` used to turn all level mvars into fresh level
parameters before doing an analysis for "hidden levels". This analysis
turns out to be exactly the same as instead creating fresh parameters
for level mvars in only pre-definitions' types and then looking for
level metavariables in their bodies. With this PR, error messages refer
to the same level metavariables in the Infoview, rather than obscure
generated `u_1`, `u_2`, ... level parameters.
* This PR made it possible to push the "hidden levels" check into
`addPreDefinitions`, after the checks for unassigned expression mvars.
It used to be that if the "hidden levels" check produced an "invalid
occurrence of universe level" error it would suppress errors for
unassigned expression mvars, and now it is the other way around.
* There is now a list of `LevelMVarErrorInfo` objects in the `TermElabM`
state. These record expressions that should receive a localized error if
they still contain level metavariables. Currently `let` expressions and
binder types in general register such info. Error messages make use of a
new `exposeLevelMVars` function that adds pretty printer annotations
that try to expose all universe level metavariables.
* When there are universe level metavariables, for error recovery the
definition is still added to the environment after assigning each
metavariable to level 0.
* There's a new `Lean.Util.CollectLevelMVars` module for collecting
level metavariables from expressions.
Closes#2058
These theorems are useful when one wants to simplify the goal state,
under knowledge that the bitvector operations don't overflow. This can
produce much smaller goal states that eventually allows `bv_omega` to
quickly close the goal.
Note that the LHS of the theorem is *not* in `simp` normal form, since
e.g. `(x + y).toNat` is normalized to `(x.toNat + y.toNat) % 2^w`. It's
not immediately clear to me what should be done about this.
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott.morrison@gmail.com>
Resolve cases when the `To/FromJSON` type classes are used with `Empty`,
e.g. in the following motivating example.
```
import Lean
structure Foo (α : Type) where
y : Option α
deriving Lean.ToJson
#eval Lean.toJson (⟨none⟩ : Foo Empty) -- fails
```
This is a follow-up to this PR
https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/pull/5415, as suggested by
@eric-wieser. It expands on the original suggestion by also handling
`FromJSON`.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kyle Miller <kmill31415@gmail.com>
---
Correct some stray spelling mistakes. I think the typo count is
asymptotically approaching zero.
Co-authored-by: euprunin <euprunin@users.noreply.github.com>
The problem here was that in Mathlib's `lean-pr-testing-NNNN` branches,
we were setting Batteries to a `nightly-testing-YYYY-MM-DD` branch. This
means that when we merge or rebase a new `nightly-with-mathlib` into a
Lean PR, the corresponding Mathlib testing branch would keep using an
old version of Batteries.
We also make sure to bump Batteries if Mathlib's `lean-pr-testing-NNNN`
branch already exists.
On a document edit, it may be the case that the first nontrivial
snapshot is e.g. for a macro-generated tactic call that does not have
range information. In that case, instead of just displaying nothing, we
should fall back to a previous range, in this case of the original
tactic macro.
Previously, it was not possible to use `decide` with most Array
functions (including `==`).
Later, we may replace some of these functions with defeqs that go via
the `List` operations, and use `csimp` lemmas for fast runtime
behaviour. In the meantime, this allows using `decide`.
Given the derived `Repr` instance for types with parameters, the absence
of `Repr Empty` can cause `Repr` instance synthesis to fail. For
example, given
```lean
inductive Prim (special : Type) where
| plus
| other : special → Prim special
deriving Repr
```
this works:
```lean
#eval (Prim.plus : Prim Int)
```
but this fails:
```lean
#eval (Prim.plus : Prim Empty)
```
---------
Co-authored-by: Kyle Miller <kmill31415@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Eric Wieser <wieser.eric@gmail.com>
This implements the first half of #3302: It improves the extensible
`apply_rfl` tactic (the one that looks at `refl` attributes, part of
the `rfl` macro) to
* Check itself and ahead of time that the lhs and rhs are defEq, and
give
a nice consistent error message when they don't (instead of just passing
on
the less helpful error message from `apply Foo.refl`), and using the
machinery that `apply` uses to elaborate expressions to highlight diffs
in implicit arguments.
* Also handle `Eq` and `HEq` (built in) and `Iff` (using the attribute)
Care is taken that, as before, the current transparency setting affects
comparing the lhs and rhs, but not the reduction of the relation
So before we had
```lean
opaque P : Nat → Nat → Prop
@[refl] axiom P.refl (n : Nat) : P n n
/--
error: tactic 'apply' failed, failed to unify
P ?n ?n
with
P 42 23
⊢ P 42 23
-/
#guard_msgs in
example : P 42 23 := by apply_rfl
opaque withImplicitNat {n : Nat} : Nat
/--
error: tactic 'apply' failed, failed to unify
P ?n ?n
with
P withImplicitNat withImplicitNat
⊢ P withImplicitNat withImplicitNat
-/
#guard_msgs in
example : P (@withImplicitNat 42) (@withImplicitNat 23) := by apply_rfl
```
and with this PR the messages we get are
```
error: tactic 'apply_rfl' failed, The lhs
42
is not definitionally equal to rhs
23
⊢ P 42 23
```
resp.
```
error: tactic 'apply_rfl' failed, The lhs
@withImplicitNat 42
is not definitionally equal to rhs
@withImplicitNat 23
⊢ P withImplicitNat withImplicitNat
```
A test file checks the various failure modes and error messages.
I believe this `apply_rfl` can serve as the only implementation of
`rfl`, which would then complete #3302, and actually expose these
improved
error messages to the user. But as that seems to require a
non-trivial bootstrapping dance, it’ll be separate.
Provide an instance `Inhabited (TacticM α)`, even when `α` is not known
to be inhabited.
The default value is just the default value of `TermElabM α`, which
already has a similar instance.
closes#5333
This PR tries to address issue #5333.
My conjecture is that the binder annotations for `C.toB` and
`Algebra.toSMul` are not ideal. `Algebra.toSMul` is one of declarations
where the new command `set_synth_order` was used. Both classes, `C` and
`Algebra`, are parametric over instances, and in both cases, the issue
arises due to projection instances: `C.toB` and `Algebra.toSMul`. Let's
focus on the binder annotations for `C.toB`. They are as follows:
```
C.toB [inst : A 20000] [self : @C inst] : @B ...
```
As a projection, it seems odd that `inst` is an instance-implicit
argument instead of an implicit one, given that its value is fixed by
`self`. We observe the same issue in `Algebra.toSMul`:
```
Algebra.toSMul {R : Type u} {A : Type v} [inst1 : CommSemiring R] [inst2 : Semiring A]
[self : @Algebra R A inst1 inst2] : SMul R A
```
The PR changes the binder annotations as follows:
```
C.toB {inst : A 20000} [self : @C inst] : @B ...
```
and
```
Algebra.toSMul {R : Type u} {A : Type v} {inst1 : CommSemiring R} {inst2 : Semiring A}
[self : @Algebra R A inst1 inst2] : SMul R A
```
In both cases, the `set_synth_order` is used to force `self` to be
processed first.
In the MWE, there is no instance for `C ...`, and `C.toB` is quickly
discarded. I suspect a similar issue occurs when trying to use
`Algebra.toSMul`, where there is no `@Algebra R A ... ...`, but Lean
spends unnecessary time trying to synthesize `CommSemiring R` and
`Semiring A` instances. I believe the new binder annotations make sense,
as if there is a way to synthesize `Algebra R A ... ...`, it will tell
us how to retrieve the instance-implicit arguments.
TODO:
- Impact on Mathlib.
- Document changes.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott.morrison@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Johan Commelin <johan@commelin.net>
We need to follow the fvar aliases registered by `match` in both
directions
Fixes#4714, fixes#2837
---------
Co-authored-by: Mario Carneiro <di.gama@gmail.com>
After #5270, `partial` functions that use products of sums no longer
compile with only `Nonempty` constraints on their arguments. These
instances allow the compilation to work.
In LNSym we often use the pattern `ofBool (a.getLsbD i)` to pick out a
specific bit (`i`) from a bitvector (`a`).
By adding a rewrite to `extractLsb` to `bv_decide`s normalization set,
we can still automatically close goals that have this pattern. In the
process, I also added a simp-lemma about the value of a `Fin 1`.
Obviously a link to the web docs isn't ideal, but having hovers
available on the symbol is much better than nothing.
---------
Co-authored-by: David Thrane Christiansen <david@davidchristiansen.dk>
Co-authored-by: Sebastian Ullrich <sebasti@nullri.ch>
A round of clean-up for the context of the functional induction
principle cases.
* Already previously, with `match e with | p => …`, functional induction
would ensure that `h : e = p` is in scope, but it wouldn’t work in
dependent cases. Now it introduces heterogeneous equality where needed
(fixes#4146)
* These equalities are now added always (previously we omitted them when
the discriminant was a variable that occurred in the goal, on the
grounds that the goal gets refined through the match, but it’s more
consistent to introduce the equality in any case)
* We no longer use `MVarId.cleanup` to clean up the goal; it was
sometimes too aggressive (fixes#5347)
* Instead, we clean up more carefully and with a custom strategy:
* First, we substitute all variables without a user-accessible name, if
we can.
* Then, we substitute all variable, if we can, outside in.
* As we do that, we look for `HEq`s that we can turn into `Eq`s to
substitute some more
* We substitute unused `let`s.
**Breaking change**: In some cases leads to a different functional
induction principle (different names and order of assumptions, for
example).
Fixes a workflow bug where the `check-level` was not always set
correctly. Arguments to a `gh` call used to determine the `check_level`
were accidentally outside of the relevant command substitution (`$(gh
...)`).
-----
This can be observed in [these
logs](https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/actions/runs/10859763037/job/30139540920),
where the check level (shown first under "configure build matrix") is
`2`, but the PR does not have the `release-ci` tag. As a "test", run the
script for "set check level" printed in those logs (with some lines
omitted):
```
check_level=0
labels="$(gh api repos/leanprover/lean4/pulls/5343) --jq '.labels'"
if echo "$labels" | grep -q "release-ci"; then
check_level=2
elif echo "$labels" | grep -q "merge-ci"; then
check_level=1
fi
echo "check_level=$check_level"
```
Note that this prints `check_level=2`, but changing `labels` to
`labels="$(gh api repos/leanprover/lean4/pulls/5343 --jq '.labels')"`
prints `check_level=0`.
This PR fixes an issue reported a while ago at
https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/270676-lean4/topic/.60Monad.2Emap.60.20is.20a.20namespace.3F/near/425662846
where `Monad.map` was incorrectly reported by the autocompletion as a
namespace.
The underlying issue is that `Monad.map` contains an internal
declaration `_default`. This PR ensures that no namespaces are
registered that only contain internal declarations.
This also means that `open`ing namespaces that only contain internal
declarations will now fail.
The Mathlib adaption for this is a minor change where a declaration
(i.e. a namespace that only contains internal declarations) was `open`ed
by accident.
This solves the issue where certain subexpressions are lacking syntax
hovers because the hover text is not "builtin" - it only shows up if the
`Parser` constant is imported in the environment. For top level syntaxes
this is not a problem because `builtin_term_parser` will automatically
add this doc information, but nested syntaxes don't get the same
treatment.
We could walk the expression and add builtin docs recursively, but this
is somewhat expensive and unnecessary given that it's a fixed list of
declarations in lean core. Moreover, there are reasons to want to
control which syntax nodes actually get hovers, and while a better
system for that is forthcoming, for now it can be achieved by
strategically not applying the `@[builtin_doc]` attribute.
Fixes#3842
When the elaborator doesn't provide us with any `CompletionInfo`, we
currently provide no completions whatsoever. But in many cases, we can
still provide some helpful identifier completions without elaborator
information. This PR adds a fallback mode for this situation.
There is more potential here, but this should be a good start.
In principle, this issue alleviates #5172 (since we now provide
completions in these contexts). I'll leave it up to an elaboration
maintainer whether we also want to ensure that the completion infos are
provided correctly in these cases.
This adds a simplification lemma for `(x - y).toNat` when the
subtraction is known to not overflow (i.e., `y ≤ x`).
We make a new section for this for two reasons:
1. Definitions of subtraction occur before the definition of
`BitVec.le_def`, so we cannot directly place this lemma at `sub`.
2. There are other theorems of this kind, for addition and
multiplication, which can morally live in the same section.
The theorem
```lean
namespace Int
theorem ediv_nonneg_of_nonpos_of_nonpos {a b : Int} (Ha : a ≤ 0) (Hb : b ≤ 0) : 0 ≤ a / b := by
match a, b with
| ofNat a, b =>
match Int.le_antisymm Ha (ofNat_zero_le a) with
| h1 =>
rw [h1, zero_ediv,]
exact Int.le_refl 0
| a, ofNat b =>
match Int.le_antisymm Hb (ofNat_zero_le b) with
| h1 =>
rw [h1, Int.ediv_zero]
exact Int.le_refl 0
| negSucc a, negSucc b =>
rw [Int.div_def, ediv]
have le_succ {a: Int} : a ≤ a+1 := (le_add_one (Int.le_refl a))
have h2: 0 ≤ ((↑b:Int) + 1) := Int.le_trans (ofNat_zero_le b) le_succ
have h3: (0:Int) ≤ ↑a / (↑b + 1) := (ediv_nonneg (ofNat_zero_le a) h2)
exact Int.le_trans h3 le_succ
```
is nontrivial to prove from existing theorems and would be nice to add
as standard theorem in DivModLemmas.
See the zullip conversation
[here](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/113488-general/topic/Adding.20theorem.20theorem.20ediv_nonneg'.20for.20negative.20a.20and.20b)
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <kim@tqft.net>
From the new doc-string:
```quote
In early versions of Lean, the typeclasses provided by `/` and `%`
were defined in terms of `tdiv` and `tmod`, and these were named simply as `div` and `mod`.
However we decided it was better to use `ediv` and `emod`,
as they are consistent with the conventions used in SMTLib, Mathlib,
and often mathematical reasoning is easier with these conventions.
At that time, we did not rename `div` and `mod` to `tdiv` and `tmod` (along with all their lemma).
In September 2024, we decided to do this rename (with deprecations in place),
and later we intend to rename `ediv` and `emod` to `div` and `mod`, as nearly all users will only
ever need to use these functions and their associated lemmas.
```
Proves that `<` and `<=` on `BitVec` are (strict) (total) partial
orders. This is required for the `UInt` as `BitVec` refactor.
This does open the question how to state these theorems "correctly" for
`BitVec`, we have both `<` living in `Prop` and `BitVec.ult` living in
`Bool`. We might of course say to always use `<` but: Once we start
adding `IntX` we need to prove the same results for `BitVec.slt` to
provide an equivalent API. So it would appear that it is unavoidable to
have a `= true` variant of these theorems there?
Question answered: Use `<` and `slt`.
Refactors the derive handlers for `ToJson` and `FromJson` in preparation
for #3160.
This splits up the different parts of the handler according to how other
similar handlers are implemented while keeping the original logic
intact. This makes the changes necessary to adapt the file in #3160 much
easier.
Fixes#4455, fixes#4705, fixes#5219
Also fixes a minor bug where a dot in brackets would report incorrect
completions instead of no completions.
---------
Co-authored-by: Sebastian Ullrich <sebasti@nullri.ch>
I found that the kernel has special support for `e =?= true`, and will
in this case aggressively whnf `e`. This explains the following behavior
(for a `sqrt` function with fuel):
```lean
theorem foo : sqrt 100000000000000000002 == 10000000000 := rfl -- fast
theorem foo : sqrt 100000000000000000002 = 10000000000 := rfl -- slow
theorem foo : sqrt 100000000000000000002 = 10000000000 := by decide -- fast
```
The special support in the kernel only applies for closed `e` and `true`
on the RHS. It could be generlized (also open terms, also `false`, other
data type's constructors, different orientation). But maybe I should
wait for evidence that this generaziation really matters, or whether
all applications (proof by reflection) can be made to have this form.
This PR enables the use of incrementality for completion in tactic
blocks. Consider the following example:
```lean
example : True := by
have : True := T
sleep 10000
```
Before this PR, in order to respond to a completion request after `T`,
`sleep 10000` has to complete first since the command must be fully
elaborated. After this PR, the completion request is responded to
immediately.
Currently, `ll_infer_type` is responsible for telling the user about
`noncomputable` when a definition depends on one without executable
code. However, this is imperfect because type inference does not check
every subexpression. This leads to errors later on that users find to be
hard to interpret.
Now, `Lean.IR.checkDecls` has a friendlier error message when it
encounters constants without compiled definitions, suggesting to
consider using `noncomputable`. While this function is an internal IR
consistency check, it is also reasonable to have it give an informative
error message in this particular case. The suggestion to use
`noncomputable` is limited to just unknown constants.
Some alternatives would be to either (1) create another checker just for
missing constants, (2) change `ll_infer_type` to always visit every
subexpression no matter if they are necessary for inferring the type, or
(3) investigate whether `tests/lean/run/1785.lean` is due to a deeper
issue.
Closes#1785
This is "upstreaming" mathlib's `unfold_let` tactic by incorporating its
functionality into `unfold`. Now `unfold` can, in addition to unfolding
global definitions, unfold local definitions. The PR also updates the
`conv` version of the tactic.
An improvement over `unfold_let` is that it beta reduces unfolded local
functions.
Two features not present in `unfold` are that (1) `unfold_let` with no
arguments does zeta delta reduction of *all* local definitions, and also
(2) `unfold_let` can interleave unfoldings (in contrast, `unfold a b c`
is exactly the same as `unfold a; unfold b; unfold c`).
Closes RFC #4090
When an eliminator was overapplied with more than one additional
argument, elaboration produced an incorrect term because the list of
processed arguments was being reversed. Now these arguments are not
reversed.
1. Remove the need to allocate an intermediate `String` for literally
every character in a JSON `String`.
2. Use a single `String` buffer in the entire `Json.compress` machinery.
3. Use `toListAppend`
Number 1 is doing most of the lifting in the perf diff, the rest are
some minor but measurable improvements.
We change the `bv_decide` to understand `BitVec.extractLsb'` as a
primitive, and add a normalization lemma for `extractLsb`.
It's important to pick the primed version as a primitive, because it is
not always possible to rewrite `extractLsb'` back into `extractLsb` (see
#5007 for that direction, and the relevant side-conditions).
That is, with this PR, `bv_decide` is able to bitblast both versions of
extracting bits.
I don't think we gain anything from having them as `abbrev` here, and
the simpNF linter complains:
```
-- Init.Data.BitVec.Lemmas
#check @BitVec.toNat_intMin /- simp can prove this:
by simp only [BitVec.toNat_twoPow]
One of the lemmas above could be a duplicate.
If that's not the case try reordering lemmas or adding @[priority].
-/
#check @BitVec.toNat_intMax /- Left-hand side simplifies from
(BitVec.intMax w).toNat
to
(2 ^ w - 1 % 2 ^ w + 2 ^ (w - 1)) % 2 ^ w
using
simp only [@BitVec.toNat_sub, @BitVec.ofNat_eq_ofNat, BitVec.toNat_ofNat, BitVec.toNat_twoPow, Nat.add_mod_mod]
Try to change the left-hand side to the simplified term!
-/
```
```
#lint only simpNF in all
```
reports (amongst others):
```
-- Init.Data.Int.Order
#check @Int.toNat_of_nonneg /- Left-hand side simplifies from
↑a.toNat
to
max a 0
using
simp only [Int.ofNat_toNat]
Try to change the left-hand side to the simplified term!
-/
#check Int.toNat_sub_toNat_neg /- Left-hand side simplifies from
↑n.toNat - ↑(-n).toNat
to
max n 0 - max (-n) 0
using
simp only [Int.ofNat_toNat]
Try to change the left-hand side to the simplified term!
-/
```
This doesn't completely resolve the danger (only relevant in `prelude`
files) of importing `Init.Data.List.Basic` but not `Init.Data.List.Impl`
and thereby not having `@[csimp]` lemmas installed for some list
operations.
I'm going to address this better while working on `Array`.
Sebastian mentioned that the use of the kernel defeq was to work around
a performance issue that was fixed since. Let's see if we can do
without.
This is also a semantic change: Ground terms (no free vars, no mvars)
are reduced at
“all” transparency even if the the transparency setting is default. This
was the case
even before 03f6b87647 switched to the
kernel defeq
checking for performance. It seems that this is rather surprising
behavior from the user
point of view. The fallout on batteries and mathlib is rather limited,
only a few
`rfl` proofs seem to have (inadvertently or not) have relied on this.
The speedcenter reports no significant regressions on core or mathlib.
Remark: declarations like `sizeWithSharing` must be in `IO` since they
are not functions.
The commit also uses the more efficient `ShareCommon.shareCommon'`.
Adds additional fields to the package configuration which will be used
by Reservoir:
* `version`: The version of the package. Follows Lean's model of
`<major>.<minor>.<patch>[-<specialDescr>]`.
* `versionTags`: A pattern matching the set of Git tags Reservoir should
consider package version revisions.
* `description`: A short description for the package. Takes precedence
over the GitHub's description.
* `keywords`: An array of package keywords that will be used to group
packages into categories on Reservoir. Takes precedence over labels on
the repository.
* `homepage`: A URL to a website for the package. Takes precedence over
GitHub's homepage.
* `license`: An SPFX license identifier for the package's license (not
verified to be well-formed).
* `licenseFiles`: An array of (relative) files the contain license
information (e.g., `#["LICENSE", "NOTICE"]` for Apache 2.0).
* `readmeFile`: Relative path to the package's readme (enables
non-standard README locations).
* `reservoir`: Reservoir will use this setting to determine whether to
include packages in its index.
Also adds two new CLI commands:
* `lake reservoir-config`: Used by Reservoir to extract a package's
configuration.
* `lake check-build`: Determines whether the package has any default
build targets configured.
The Reservoir configuration also makes uses of the exiting `name` and
`platformIndependent` fields.
These commands were trusting that elaboration resulted in type-correct
terms, but users testing custom elaborators have found it to be
surprising that they do not do typechecking. This adds a `Meta.check`
step.
This renames `BitVec.getLsb` to `getLsbD` (`D` for "default" value, i.e.
false), and introduces `getLsb?` and `getLsb'` (which we can rename to
`getLsb` after a deprecation cycle).
(Similarly for `getMsb`.)
Also adds a `GetElem` class so we can use `x[i]` and `x[i]?` notation.
Later, we will turn
```
theorem getLsbD_eq_getElem?_getD (x : BitVec w) (i : Nat) (h : i < w) :
x.getLsbD i = x[i]?.getD false
```
on as a `@[simp]` lemma.
This PR doesn't attempt to demonstrate the benefits, but I think both
arguments are going to get easier, and this will bring the BitVec API
closer in line to List/Array, etc.
---------
Co-authored-by: Markus Himmel <markus@lean-fro.org>
in #4154 and #5129 the rules for equational lemmas have changed, and new
options were introduced that can be used to revert to the pre-4.12
behavior. Hopefully nobody really needs these options besides for
backwards compatibility, therefore we put these options in the
`backward` option name space.
So the previous behavior can be achieved by setting
```lean
set_option backward.eqns.nonrecursive false
set_option backward.eqns.deepRecursiveSplit false
```
With this, lean produces the following zoo of rewrite rules:
```
Option.map.eq_1 : Option.map f none = none
Option.map.eq_2 : Option.map f (some x) = some (f x)
Option.map.eq_def : Option.map f p = match o with | none => none | (some x) => some (f x)
Option.map.eq_unfold : Option.map = fun f p => match o with | none => none | (some x) => some (f x)
```
The `f.eq_unfold` variant is especially useful to rewrite with `rw`
under
binders.
This implements and fixes#5110
This PR propagates the `AttributeKind` to `SimpleScopedEnvExtension.add`
in attributes created with `register_label_attr`.
This also fixes a nearby stale docstring which referenced `Std`.
---
Closes#3697
This PR roughly halves the time needed to load the .ilean files by
optimizing the JSON parser and the conversion from JSON to Lean data
structures.
The code is optimized roughly as follows:
- String operations are inlined more aggressively
- Parsers are changed to use new `String.Iterator` functions `curr'` and
`next'` that receive a proof and hence do not need to perform an
additional check
- The `RefIdent` of .ilean files now uses a `String` instead of a `Name`
to avoid the expensive parse step from `String` to `Name` (despite the
fact that we only very rarely actually need a `Name` in downstream code)
- Instead of `List`s and `Subarray`s, the JSON to Lean conversion now
directly passes around arrays and array indices to avoid redundant
boxing
- Parsec's `peek?` sometimes generates redundant `Option` wrappers
because the generation of basic blocks interferes with the ctor-match
optimization, so it is changed to use an `isEof` check where possible
- Early returns and inline-do-blocks cause the code generator to
generate new functions, which then interfere with optimizations, so they
are now avoided
- Mutual defs are used instead of unspecialized passing of higher-order
functions to generate faster code
- The object parser is made tail-recursive
This PR also fixes a stack overflow in `Lean.Json.compress` that would
occur with long lists and adds a benchmark for the .ilean roundtrip
(compressed pretty-printing -> parsing).
This PR fixes a small bug where over time, "import out of data" messages
would accumulate in files when their size changed before restarting its
file worker.
https://github.com/leanprover/vscode-lean4/pull/521 changed the display
name of the VS Code extension so that it can be found more easily when
searching for "Lean" (before it would appear far down in the list). This
PR updates the quickstart guide to reflect this fact.
This was not a great simp lemma, and hurts simp confluence. Better to
just use it locally where it is useful.
Similarly `List.head_eq_iff_head?_eq_some`.
This PR also pulls in some mathlib theorems on testBit and Nat and establishes facts about 2^w that are needed here and which are generally useful for bitvector reasoning.
The following theorem is not generalized to arbitrary x instead of 2, as this would require a condition to be added for x > 1 which would have to be passed to simp each time this theorem should fire.
chore: derive from testBit_two_pow
chore: convert first to prop and then decide
chore: move intMax down as well
chore: add simp set
Add simp-set into this PR
chore: fix simp extension
Move file to src/Lean to fix build
Add prelude
update date
Add university of cambridge as copyright holder
improve naming
use whitespace uniformly
use decide (n = m)
Drop the 'Nat.' namespace
Update src/Init/Data/BitVec/Lemmas.lean
Co-authored-by: Siddharth <siddu.druid@gmail.com>
Update src/Init/Data/BitVec/Lemmas.lean
Co-authored-by: Siddharth <siddu.druid@gmail.com>
Fix build
add some theorems
Revert "add some theorems"
This reverts commit fb97bc2007e371854b40badb3d6014da034c1f5e.
WIP
Shorten proof
Update src/Init/Data/Nat/Lemmas.lean
finish proofs
Update src/Init/Data/BitVec/Lemmas.lean
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott@tqft.net>
Update src/Init/Data/Nat/Lemmas.lean
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott@tqft.net>
chore: move BoolToPropSimps
`simp only` will not apply this simproc anymore. Users must now write
`simp only [reduceCtorEq]`. See RFC #5046 for motivation.
This PR also renames simproc to `reduceCtorEq`.
close#5046
@semorrison A few `simp only ...` tactics will probably break in
Mathlib. Fix: include `reduceCtorEq`.
We use `no_index` to work around special-handling of `OfNat.ofNat` in
`DiscrTree`, which has been reported as an issue in
https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/issues/2867 and is currently in the
process of being fixed in https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/pull/3684.
As the potential fix seems non-trivial and might need some time to
arrive in-tree, we meanwhile add the `no_index` keyword to the
problematic subterm.
---------
Co-authored-by: Eric Wieser <wieser.eric@gmail.com>
We swap the arguments for `Membership.mem` so that when proceeded by a
`SetLike` coercion, as is often the case in Mathlib, the resulting
expression is recognized as eta expanded and reduce for many
computations. The most beneficial outcome is that the discrimination
tree keys for instances and simp lemmas concerning subsets become more
robust resulting in more efficient searches.
Closes `RFC` #4932
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <kim@tqft.net>
Co-authored-by: Henrik Böving <hargonix@gmail.com>
This is part of #3983.
After #4154 introduced equational lemmas for non-recursive functions and
#5055
unififed the lemmas for structural and wf recursive funcitons, this now
disables the special handling of recursive functions in
`findMatchToSplit?`, so that the equational lemmas should be the same no
matter how the function was defined.
The new option `eqns.deepRecursiveSplit` can be disabled to get the old
behavior.
### Breaking change
This can break existing code, as there now can be extra equational
lemmas:
* Explicit uses of `f.eq_2` might have to be adjusted if the numbering
changed.
* Uses of `rw [f]` or `simp [f]` may no longer apply if they previously
matched (and introduced a `match` statement), when the equational
lemmas got more fine-grained.
In this case either case analysis on the parameters before rewriting
helps, or setting the option `opt.deepRecursiveSplit false` while
defining the function
Updates the user widget manual to account for more recent changes. One
issue is that the samples no longer work on https://live.lean-lang.org/
because it uses an outdated version of the `@leanprover/infoview` NPM
package. They work on https://lean.math.hhu.de/ and in recent versions
of the VSCode extension.
This is part of #3983.
Fine-grained equational lemmas are useful even for non-recursive
functions, so this adds them.
The new option `eqns.nonrecursive` can be set to `false` to have the old
behavior.
### Breaking channge
This is a breaking change: Previously, `rw [Option.map]` would rewrite
`Option.map f o` to `match o with … `. Now this rewrite will fail
because the equational lemmas require constructors here (like they do
for, say, `List.map`).
Remedies:
* Split on `o` before rewriting.
* Use `rw [Option.map.eq_def]`, which rewrites any (saturated)
application of `Option.map`
* Use `set_option eqns.nonrecursive false` when *defining* the function
in question.
### Interaction with simp
The `simp` tactic so far had a special provision for non-recursive
functions so that `simp [f]` will try to use the equational lemmas, but
will also unfold `f` else, so less breakage here (but maybe performance
improvements with functions with many cases when applied to a
constructor, as the simplifier will no longer unfold to a large
`match`-statement and then collapse it right away).
For projection functions and functions marked `[reducible]`, `simp [f]`
won’t use the equational theorems, and will only use its internal
unfolding machinery.
### Implementation notes
It uses the same `mkEqnTypes` function as for recursive functions, so we
are close to a consistency here. There is still the wrinkle that for
recursive functions we don't split matches without an interesting
recursive call inside. Unifying that is future work.
in principle we'd like to use the existing parser
```
"?" >> (ident <|> hole)
```
but somehow annotate it so that hovering the `hole` will not show the
hole's hover. But for now it was easier to just change the parser to
```
"?" >> (ident <|> "_")
```
and be done with it.
Fixes#5021
The goal at the crucial step is
```
a : Array Nat
i : Fin ?m.27
⊢ ↑i < a.size
```
and after the `apply Fin.val_lt_of_le;` we have
```
a : Array Nat
i : Fin ?m.27
⊢ ?m.27 ≤ a.size
```
and now `apply Fin.val_lt_of_le` applies again, due to accidential
defeq. Adding `with_reducible` helps here.
fixes#5061
Defines `mergeSort`, a naive stable merge sort algorithm, replaces it
via a `@[csimp]` lemma with something faster at runtime, and proves the
following results:
* `mergeSort_sorted`: `mergeSort` produces a sorted list.
* `mergeSort_perm`: `mergeSort` is a permutation of the input list.
* `mergeSort_of_sorted`: `mergeSort` does not change a sorted list.
* `mergeSort_cons`: proves `mergeSort le (x :: xs) = l₁ ++ x :: l₂` for
some `l₁, l₂`
so that `mergeSort le xs = l₁ ++ l₂`, and no `a ∈ l₁` satisfies `le a
x`.
* `mergeSort_stable`: if `c` is a sorted sublist of `l`, then `c` is
still a sublist of `mergeSort le l`.
@arthur-adjedj was very confused when a mutually recursive definition
didn't work as expected, and the reason was that he used different names
for the fixed parameters.
It seems plausible to simply allow that and calculate the fixed-prefix
up to alpha renaming.
It does mean, though, that, for example, termination proof goals will
mention the names as used by the first function. But probably better
than simply failing. And we could even fix that later (by passing down
the
actual names, and renmaing the variables in the context of the mvar,
depending on the “current function”) should it bother our users.
This PR imports LeanSAT's LRAT module as step 4/~6 (step 7 could go
after I did some refactorings to import this) of the LeanSAT
upstreaming. It is the last large component, after this only the LRAT
parser and the reflection tactic that hooks everything up to the meta
level remains. In particular it is the last component that contains
notable proofs, yay!
Again a few remarks:
1. Why is this not in `Std`? I'm not quite sure whether it should be
there. At the current level of code/proof quality we can certainly not
import the checker itself into `Std` but maybe having the data type as
well as the trimming algorithm there might be of interested? I'm hoping
that as we refactor the checker in the future its quality will be high
enough to be also put into `Std`. At this point we would have a full AIG
-> CNF -> LRAT verification pipeline in `Std` for everyone to use. One
additional blocker in this is that we cannot provide the parsers for the
format in `Std` as of today because `Parsec` is still in `Lean` so that
would also have to change.
2. There do exist two abstraction levels to make sure we can swap out
the LRAT implementation at any time:
- The public interface is just all files in the top level `LRAT`
directory. It basically only contains the LRAT format itself, the
checker + soundness proof and the trimming algorithm. As long as we
don't need to change their API (which we shouldn't have to I think) we
can always swap out the entire `Internal` directory without breaking
anything else in LeanSAT.
- The `Internal` module itself contains another layer of abstraction in
the form of the `Formula` class. This allows us to swap out the most
complex component in `Internal` as well, without having to touch any of
the infrastructure that is built around it either.
3. I mostly performed stylistic cleanups on the `Internal` module. In my
experience over upgrading to many nightlies during the course of LeanSAT
development, I have gotten these proofs cleaned up to the point, where
they only break if we change the `List` or `Array` proof API
significantly. Given that we are currently in the process of stabilizing
it I'm hoping that these proofs do not have to be touched anymore unless
we do something crazy. All of the custom theory that the LRAT component
developed around various basic data types has been upstreamed into Lean
over the course of various other PRs.
4. If there are some simple tricks that we can pull off to increase the
code / proof quality in `Internal` and in particular `Internal.Formula`
(this module is not for the light-hearted Lean reviewer) I'm all for it.
Otherwise the best course of action to provide LeanSAT to our users soon
would probably be to merge it as is and do a cut + rewrite at one of the
two interface points described above.
When elaborating the headers of mutual indexed inductive types, mvars
have to be synthesized and instantiated before replacing the fvars
present there. Otherwise, some fvars present in uninstantiated mvars may
be missed and lead to an error later.
Closes#3242 (again)
As discussed with @semorrison, feel free to do whatever to the branch.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott.morrison@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Eric Wieser <wieser.eric@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <kim@tqft.net>
Previously, the tactic state shown at `decreasing_by` would leak lots of
details about the translation, and mention `invImage`, `PSigma` etc.
This is not nice.
So this introduces `clean_wf`, which is like `simp_wf` but using
`simp`'s `only` mode, and runs this unconditionally. This should clean
up the goal to a reasonable extent.
Previously `simp_wf` was an unrestricted `simp […]` call, but we
probably don’t want arbitrary simplification to happen at this point, so
this now became `simp only` call. For backwards compatibility,
`decreasing_with` begins with `try simp`. The `simp_wf` tactic
is still available to not break too much existing code; it’s docstring
suggests to no longer use it.
With `set_option cleanDecreasingByGoal false` one can disable the use of
`clean_wf`. I hope this is only needed for debugging and understanding.
Migration advise: If your `decreasing_by` proof begins with `simp_wf`,
either remove that (if the proof still goes through), or replace with
`simp`.
I am a bit anxious about running even `simp only` unconditionally here,
as it may do more than some user might want, e.g. because of options
like `zetaDelta := true`. We'll see if we need to reign in this tactic
some more.
I wonder if in corner cases the `simp_wf` tactic might be able to close
the goal, and if that is a problem. If so, we may have to promote simp’s
internal `mayCloseGoal` parameter to a simp configuration option and use
that here.
fixes#4928
Using `Nat.lt_trans` is too restrictive, and using `Nat.lt_of_lt_of_le`
should make this tactic prove more goals.
This fixes a regression probably introduced by #3991; at least in some
cases before that `apply sizeOf_get` would have solved the goal here.
And it’s true that this is now subsumed by `simp`, but because of the
order that `macro_rules` are tried, the too restrictive variant with
`Nat.lt_trans` would be tried before `simp`, without backtracking.
Fixes#5027
Step 3/~7 in upstreaming LeanSAT.
A few thoughts:
- Why is this not in `Std.Sat`? LeanSAT's bitblaster operates on a
limited internal language. For example it has no idea that signed
comparision operators even exist. This is because it relies on a
normalization pass before being given the goal. For this reason I would
not classify the bitblaster as an API that we should publicly advertise
at this abstraction level
- Sometimes I slightly rebuild parts of the LawfulOperator
infrastructure for operators that work non-tail-recursively. This is
because they do not return an `Entrypoint` but instead an
`ExtendingEntrypoint` in order to even be defined in the first place
(casting Ref's and all that). Given the fact that this barely happens
and I never actually commit to rebuilding the full API I'm hoping that
this is indeed a fine decision?
- The single explicit `decreasing_by` that has a simp only which
*almost* looks like `simp_wf` is missing a singular lemma from `simp_wf`
because it doesn't terminate otherwise.
- I am not using functional induction because it basically always fails
at some generalization step, that is also the reason that there is lots
of explicit `generalize` and manually recursive proofs.
---------
Co-authored-by: Markus Himmel <markus@lean-fro.org>
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <tobias@grosser.es>
In #4976, I forgot that we do need info trees eventually on the cmdline
for .ilean generation. Unfortunately, not reporting them incrementally
would require an API change, so let's see what the impact of incremental
reporting is
I'm experimenting with changing the signature of `Ord.arrayOrd`; rather
than make a local synonym here, let's make a local instance so it
doesn't interact with the experiments.
Adds a lemma to rewrite `BitVec.extractLsb'` to `extractLsb` plus a
cast.
Note that `extractLsb'` with a length of 0 returns `BitVec 0`, while
`extractLsb` will never return an empty bitvector (because of the `+ 1`
in it `hi - lo + 1`). Hence, this lemma needs a side condition that the
length is non-zero.
Also adds `getLsb_extractLsb'`
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <github@grosser.es>
Since https://github.com/curl/curl/pull/4465 curl adheres to the
`Retry-After` header, so maybe this fixes the issues with
```
jq: error (at <stdin>:5): Cannot index string with string "body"
```
that sometimes make this workflow fail.
#4976 moved resolution of a promise to an earlier point, but that led to
object being marked MT earlier, so we need to move the code that
minimizes those objects earlier too to revert the performance
regression.
For structure projections, the pretty printer assumed that the
expression was type correct. Now it checks that the object being
projected is of the correct type. Such terms appear in type mismatch
errors.
Also, fixes and improves `#print` for structures. The types of
projections now use MessageData (so are now hoverable), and the type of
`self` is now the correct type.
Closes#4670
...unless we are about to kill the process anyway (which is not the
default)
Ensures panics are visible as regular messages in the language server
and properly ordered in relation to other messages on the cmdline
The prior default of 1000000 could not be achieved in practice, because
the stack would overflow after around 5000 recursive invocations. This
meant that a poorly-chosen @[ext] lemma could crash Lean.
Talking to Mathlib users, it seems that 10 would be a very large number
in practice, so a default limit of 100 should not change successful
uses. But it does make it much easier to diagnose and recover from poor
choices of @[ext] lemmas.
Without this change, a stack overflow on Mac OS during tactic execution
can lead to the message:
terminated by signal SIGBUS (Misaligned address error)
This comes from `lean_alloc_small`. With the change, the process instead
terminates with the more accurate and actionable:
Stack overflow detected. Aborting.
After having added already `BitVec.ushiftRight_*_distrib`in
https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/pull/4667 for ushiftRight, this PR
now completes the `*_distrib` theorems for shift.
Adds `@[app_delab ident]` as a macro for `@[delab app.ident]`. Resolves
the identifier when expanding the macro, saving needing to use the fully
qualified identifiers that `@[delab]` requires. Also, unlike `@[delab]`,
throws an error if the identifier cannot be resolved.
Closes#4899
Fixes an issue where each alternative in choice nodes would get their
own arguments. Now cdot function expansion is aware of choice nodes.
Also modifies the variable naming so that multi-argument functions like
`(· + ·)` expand as `fun x1 x2 => x1 + x2` rather than `fun x x_1 => x +
x_1`.
Closes#4832
This restores all of the imports of `Lean.Data.HashMap` and
`Lean.Data.HashSet` so that users actually see the deprecation warnings
instead of a "declaration not found" error.
This implements a naive version of `getline` because Windows does not
have `getline`. Given the fact that `FILE` has buffered IO, calling
`fgetc` in a loop is not as big of a performance hazard as it might seem
at first glance.
The proper solution to this would of course be to have our own buffered
IO so we are fully in charge of the buffer. In this situation we could
check the entire buffer for a newline at once instead of char by char.
However that is not going to happen for the near future so I propose we
stay with this implementation. If reading individual lines of a file
does truly end up being the performance bottle neck we have already
won^^.
Step 1 out of approximately 7 to upstream LeanSAT.
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <tobias@grosser.es>
Co-authored-by: Markus Himmel <markus@lean-fro.org>
This change canonicalizes the BitVec variable names to `x y z : BitVec`
instead of alternative namings such as `s t : BitVec` or `a b : BitVec`.
Variable names that carry semantic meaning such as `(msbs : BitVec w)
(lsb : Bool)` remain untouched.
This is purely a naming change to make our bitvector proofs more
consistent and polish the (auto-generated) documentation as a very small
step towards polishing the documentation of the BitVec library in Lean.
---------
Co-authored-by: AnotherAlexHere <153999274+AnotherAlexHere@users.noreply.github.com>
#4917 will expose users of the `Lean` API to the renaming of the hash
map query methods. This PR aims to make the transition easier by adding
deprecated functions with the old names.
With the recent unification of server and cmdline processing,
`IO.Process` tests that previously broke the server because they
directly wrote to stdout are now flaky on the cmdline because
elaboration and reporting are happening in separate threads. By removing
direct writes to stdout, the race condition is removed and the file can
actually be edited in the language server as well again.
This PR:
- changes the implementation of `readBinFile` and `readFile` to only
require two system calls (`stat` + `read`) instead of one `read` per
1024 byte chunk.
- fixes a bug where `Handle.getLine` would get tripped up by a NUL
character in the line and cut the string off. This is caused by the fact
that the original implementation uses `strlen` and `lean_mk_string`
which is the backer of `mk_string` does so as well.
- fixes a bug where `Handle.putStr` and thus by extension `writeFile`
would get tripped up by a NUL char in the line and cut the string off.
Cause here is the use of `fputs` when a NUL char is possible.
Closes: #4891Closes: #3546Closes: #3741
This PR resolves two language server bugs that especially affect Windows
users:
1. Editing the header could result in the watchdog not correctly
restarting the file worker (#3786, #3787), which would lead to the file
seemingly being processed forever.
- The cause of this issue was a race condition in the watchdog that was
accidentally introduced as far back as #1884: In specific circumstances,
the watchdog will attempt forwarding a message to the file worker after
the process has exited due to a changed header, but before the file
worker exiting has been noticed by the watchdog (which will then restart
the file worker). In this case, the watchdog would mark the file worker
as having crashed and not look at its exit code to restart the file
worker, but instead treat it like a crashed file worker that will only
be restarted when editing the file again. Not inspecting the exit code
of the file worker when it crashed from forwarding a message from the
file worker is necessary since we do not restart the file worker until
another notification from the client arrives, and so we would read the
same crash exit code over and over again in the main loop of the
watchdog if we did not remove it from our list of file workers that we
listen to.
- This PR resolves this issue by distinguishing between "crashes when
forwarding messages to the file worker" and "crashes when forwarding
messages from the file worker". In the former case, we still inspect the
exit code of the file worker and potentially restart it if the imports
changed, whereas in the latter case, we stop inspecting the exit code of
the file worker. This is correct because the latter case is exactly the
one where we need to stop inspecting the exit code but where a crash
cannot occur as a result of a changed header, whereas the former case is
exactly the one where we still need to inspect the exit code after a
crash to ensure that we restart the file worker in case it exited
because the header changed.
- At some point in the future, it would be nice to revamp the
concurrency model of the watchdog entirely now that we have all those
fancy concurrency primitives that were not available four years ago when
the watchdog was first written.
2. On an especially slow Windows machine, we found that starting the
language server would sometimes not succeed at all because reading from
the stdin pipe in the watchdog produced an EINVAL error, which was in
turn caused by an NT "pipe empty" error.
- After lots of debugging, @Kha found that Lake accidentally passes its
stdin to Git because it does not explicitly set the `stdin` field to
`null` when spawning the process.
- Changing this fixes the issue, which suggests that Git may mutate the
pipe we pass to it to be non-blocking, which then causes a "pipe empty"
error in the watchdog when we also attempt to read from that same pipe.
- I'm still very uncertain why we only saw this issue on one
particularly slow machine and not across the whole eco system.
This PR also resolves an issue where we would not correctly emit
messages that we received while the file worker is being restarted to
the corresponding file worker after the restart.
Closes#3786, closes#3787.
---------
Co-authored-by: Sebastian Ullrich <sebasti@nullri.ch>
Autoparam tactic scripts have no source positions, which until recently
made it so that any errors or messages would be logged at the current
ref, which was the application or structure instance being elaborated.
However, with the new incrementality features the ref is now carefully
managed to avoid leakage of outside data. This inhibits the elaborator's
ref from being used for the tactic's ref, causing messages to be placed
at the beginning of the file rather than on the syntax that triggered
the autoparam.
To fix this, now the elaborators insert the ref's source position
everywhere into the autoparam tactic script.
If in the future messages for synthetic tactics appear at the tops of
files in other contexts, we should consider an approach where
`Lean.Elab.Term.withReuseContext` uses something like `replaceRef` to
set the ref while disabling incrementality when the tactic does not
contain source position information.
Closes#4880
Currently, the messages in the diagnostic summaries are created by
appending interpolated strings. We wrap these in `.trace`'s, and the
results are better formatted when expanding child nodes in the info
view. Particularly, the latter diagnostic summaries remain on their own
lines flush to the left instead of on the same line directly adjacent to
the last child node.
For experimentation by @the-sofi-uwu.
I also have an efficient number parser in LeanSAT that I am planning to
upstream after we have sufficiently bikeshed this change.
When `set_option diagnostics true`, for each theorem with size >
`diagnostics.threshold.proofSize`, display proof size, and the number of
applications for each constant symbol.
TODO:
- Support for `zeta := true` at `apply_beta`.
- Investigate test failure.
- Break PR in pieces because of bootstrapping issues. The current PR
updates a stage0 file to workaround the issue.
Motivation: significant performance improvement at
https://github.com/leanprover/LNSym/blob/proof_size_expt/Proofs/SHA512/Experiments/Sym30.lean
With M1 Pro:
- Before: 4.56 secs
- After: 3.16 secs
Successfully built stage2 using this PR
This modification improves the performance of the example in issue
#4861. It no longer times out but is still expensive.
Here is the analysis of the performance issue: Given `(x : Int)`, to
elaborate `x ^ 1`, a few default instances have to be tried.
First, the homogeneous instance is tried and fails since `Int` does not
implement `Pow Int`. Then, the `NatPow` instance is tried, and it also
fails. The same process is performed for each term of the form `p ^ 1`.
There are seveal of them at #4861. After all of these fail, the lower
priority default instance for numerals is tried, and `x ^ 1` becomes `x
^ (1 : Nat)`. Then, `HPow Int Nat Int` can be applied, and the
elaboration succeeds. However, this process has to be repeated for every
single term of the form `p ^ 1`. The elaborator tries all homogeneous
`HPow` and `NatPow` instances for all `p ^ 1` terms before trying the
lower priority default instance `OfNat`.
This commit ensures `Int` has a `NatPow` instance instead of `HPow Int
Nat Int`. This change shortcuts the process, but it still first tries
the homogeneous `HPow` instance, fails, and then tries `NatPow`. The
elaboration can be made much more efficient by writing `p ^ (1 : Nat)`.
Those represent ~13% of the time spent in `save_result`,
even though `r` is a temporary in all cases but one.
See #4698 for details.
---------
Co-authored-by: Leonardo de Moura <leomoura@amazon.com>
…rators
Right now those constructors result in a copy instead of the desired
move. We've measured that expr copying and assignment by itself uses
around 10% of total runtime on our workloads.
See #4698 for details.
Initial options are now re-parsed and validated after importing. Cmdline
option assignments prefixed with `weak.` are silently discarded if the
option name without the prefix does not exist.
Fixes#3403
This allows bitblasting `BitVec.replicate`.
I changed the definition of `BitVec.replicate` to use `BitVec.cast` in
order to make the proof smoother, since it's an easier time simplifying
away terms with `BitVec.cast`.
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <tobias@grosser.es>
This message is often incorporated into source files via `#guard_msgs`.
This change ensures it won't go over the 100 character ruler, and I
think is equally grammatical. :-)
It is confusing that the message suggesting to use the `diagnostics`
option is given even when the option is already set. This PR makes use
of lazy message data to make the message contingent on the option being
false.
It also tones down the promise that there is any diagonostic information
available, since sometimes there is nothing to report.
Suggested by Johan Commelin.
now that we support structural mutual recursion, I expect that every
`DecidableEq` instance be implemented using structural recursion, so
let's be explicit about it.
Some eliminators (such as `False.rec`) have an explicit motive argument.
The `elabAsElim` elaborator assumed that all motives are implicit.
If the explicit motive argument is `_`, then it uses the elab-as-elim
procedure, and otherwise it falls back to the standard app elaborator.
Furthermore, if an explicit elaborator is not provided, it falls back to
treating the elaborator as being implicit, which is convenient for
writing `h.rec` rather than `h.rec _`. Rationale: for `False.rec`, this
simulates it having an implicit motive, and also motives are generally
not going to be available in the expected type.
Closes#4347
Before, the delaborator was conservative about omitting optional
arguments, only omitting the very last one. Now it can omit arbitrarily
long sequences of optional arguments from the end.
For simplicity of implementation, every optional argument is delaborated
and then potentially discarded. It could save state and lazily
delaborate, but we're running under the hypothesis that most optional
arguments are for very simple values (like `true`, `false`, or a numeric
literal), so it is unlikely that efficiency gains, if any, are worth it.
In particular, in the future structure constructors will have optional
arguments, but `unexpandStructureInstance` assumes none of the optional
fields are omitted.
Closes#4812
when transforming the `match` statements in `IndPredBelow`, given a
local variable `x : T`, we need to search for `hx : T.below x`.
Previously this was done using the custom `backwardsChaining` method,
although my hypothesis is that we don’t need to chain anything here, and
can use `apply_assumption`.
this improves support for structural recursion over inductive
*predicates* when there are reflexive arguments.
Consider
```lean
inductive F: Prop where
| base
| step (fn: Nat → F)
-- set_option trace.Meta.IndPredBelow.search true
set_option pp.proofs true
def F.asdf1 : (f : F) → True
| base => trivial
| step f => F.asdf1 (f 0)
termination_by structural f => f`
```
Previously the search for the right induction hypothesis would fail with
```
could not solve using backwards chaining x✝¹ : F
x✝ : x✝¹.below
f : Nat → F
a✝¹ : ∀ (a : Nat), (f a).below
a✝ : Nat → True
⊢ True
```
The backchaining process will try to use `a✝ : Nat → True`, but then has
no idea what to use for `Nat`.
There are three steps here to fix this.
1. We let-bind the function's type before the whole process. Now the
goal is
```
funType : F → Prop := fun x => True
x✝ : x✝¹.below
f : Nat → F
a✝¹ : ∀ (a : Nat), (f a).below
a✝ : ∀ (a : Nat), funType (f a)
⊢ funType (f 0)
```
2. Instead of using the general purpose backchaining proof search, which
is more
powerful than we need here (we need on recursive search and no
backtracking),
we have a custom search that looks for local assumptions that
provide evidence of `funType`, and extracts the arguments from that
“type” application to construct the recursive call.
Above, it will thus unify `f a =?= f 0`.
3. In order to make progress here, we also turn on use
`withoutProofIrrelevance`,
because else `isDefEq` is happy to say “they are equal” without actually
looking
at the terms and thus assigning `?a := 0`.
This idea of let-binding the function's motive may also be useful for
the other recursion compilers, as it may simplify the FunInd
construction. This is to be investigated.
fixes#4751
The function `locationLinksFromDecl` could throw an error if the name it
is provided doesn't exist in the environment, which is possible if for
example an elaborator is a builtin.
Closes#3789
Adds the `--log-level=<lv>` CLI option for controlling the minimum log
level Lake should output. For instance, `--log-level=error` will only
print errors (not warnings or info).
Also, adds the parallel `--fail-level` CLI option to control what the
minimum log level of build failures is. The existing `--iofail` and
`--wfail` options are equivalent to `--fail-level=info` and
`--fail-level=warning` , respectively.
Closes#4805,
Due to nested recursion, we do two passes of `getRecArgInfo`: One on
each argument in isolation, to see which inductive types are around
(e.g. `Tree` and `List`), and
then we later refine/replace this result with the data for the nested
type former (the implicit `ListTree`).
If we have nested recursion through a non-recursive data type like
`Array` or `Prod` then arguemnts of these types should survive the first
phase, so that we can still use them when looking for, say, `Array
Tree`.
This was helpfully reported by @arthur-adjedj.
For every parenthesized expression `(foo)`, the InfoView produces an
interactive component both for `(foo)` itself and its subexpression
`foo` because the corresponding `TaggedText` in the language server is
duplicated as well. Both of these subexpressions have the same
subexpression position and so they are identical w.r.t. interactive
features.
Removing this duplication would help reduce the size of the DOM of the
InfoView and ensure that the UI for InfoView features is consistent for
`(foo)` and `foo` (e.g. hovers would always highlight `(foo)`, not
either `(foo)` or `foo` depending on whether the mouse cursor is on the
bracket or not). It would also help resolve a bug where selecting a
subexpression will yield selection highlighting both for `(foo)` and
`foo`, as we use the subexpression position to identify which terms to
highlight.
This PR adjusts the parenthesizer to move the corresponding info instead
of duplicating it.
Draft of adding ci workflow using lean-action on `lake new/init`
This PR is currently missing lake options for the user to control this
feature.
Closes#4606
---------
Co-authored-by: Mac Malone <tydeu@hatpress.net>
When resolving anonymous dot notation (`.ident x y z`), it would reduce
the expected type to whnf. Now, it unfolds definitions step-by-step,
even if the type synonym is for a pi type like so
```lean
def Foo : Prop := ∀ a : Nat, a = a
protected theorem Foo.intro : Foo := sorry
example : Foo := .intro
```
Closes#4761
After each tactic step, we save the info tree created by it together
with an appropriate info tree context that makes it stand-alone (which
we already did before to some degree, see `Info.updateContext?`). Then,
in the adjusted request handlers, we first search for a snapshot task
containing the required position, if so wait on it, and if it yielded an
info tree, use it to answer the request, or else continue searching and
waiting, falling back to the full info tree, which should be unchanged
by this PR.
The definition header does *not* report info trees early as in general
it is not stand-alone in the tactic sense but may contain e.g.
metavariables solved by the body in which case we do want to show the
ultimate state as before. This could be refined in the future in case
there are no unsolved mvars.
The adjusted request handlers are exactly the ones waited on together by
the info view, so they all have to be adjusted to have any effect on the
UX. Further request handlers may be adjusted in the future.
No new tests as "replies early" is not something we can test with our
current framework but the existing test suite did help in uncovering
functional regressions.
previously, `#eval` would happily evaluate expressions that contain
`sorry`, either explicitly or because of failing tactics. In conjunction
with operations like array access this can lead to the lean process
crashing, which isn't particularly great.
So how `#eval` will refuse to run code that (transitively) depends on
the `sorry` axiom (using the same code as `#print axioms`).
If the user really wants to run it, they can use `#eval!`.
Closes#1697
This PR updates the screenshots and instructions in the quickstart guide
for the most recent Lean 4 VS Code extension version and makes a small
stylistic change suggested by @semorrison.
The `elab_as_elim` elaborator eagerly elaborates arguments that can help
with elaborating the motive, however it does not include the transitive
closure of parameters appearing in types of parameters appearing in ...
types of targets.
This leads to counter-intuitive behavior where arguments supplied to the
eliminator may unexpectedly have postponed elaboration, causing motives
to be type incorrect for under-applied eliminators such as the
following:
```lean
class IsEmpty (α : Sort u) : Prop where
protected false : α → False
@[elab_as_elim]
def isEmptyElim [IsEmpty α] {p : α → Sort _} (a : α) : p a :=
(IsEmpty.false a).elim
example {α : Type _} [IsEmpty α] :
id (α → False) := isEmptyElim (α := α)
```
The issue is that when `isEmptyElim (α := α)` is computing its motive,
the value of the postponed argument `α` is still an unassignable
metavariable. With this PR, this argument is now among those that are
eagerly elaborated since it appears as the type of the target `a`.
This PR also contains some other fixes:
* When underapplied, does unification when instantiating foralls in the
expected type.
* When overapplied, type checks the generalized-and-reverted expected
type.
* When collecting targets, collects them in the correct order.
Adds trace class `trace.Elab.app.elab_as_elim`.
This is a followup to #4722, which added motive type checking but
exposed the eagerness issue.
Also extends existing definition for `getScope`/`getScopes` and
clarifies that the `end` command is optional at the end of a file.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kyle Miller <kmill31415@gmail.com>
The original idea was to use `bif` in computation contexts and `if` in
propositional contexts, but this turned out to be really inconvenient in
practice.
code to create nested `PProd`s, and project out, and related functions
were scattered in variuos places. This unifies them in
`Lean.Meta.PProdN`.
It also consistently avoids the terminal `True` or `PUnit`, for slightly
easier to read constructions.
This refactoring PR changes the structure of the `FunInd` module, with
the main purpose to make it easier to support mutual structural
recursion.
In particular the recursive calls are now longer recognized by their
terms (simple for well-founded recursion, `.app oldIH [arg, proof]`, but
tedious for structural recursion and even more so for mutual structural
recursion), but the type after replacing `oldIH` with `newIH`, where the
type will be simply and plainly `mkAppN motive args`).
We also no longer try to guess whether we deal with well-founded or
structural recursion but instead rely on the `EqnInfo` environment
extensions. The previous code tried to handle both variants, but they
differ too much, so having separate top-level functions is easier.
This also fuses the `foldCalls` and `collectIHs` traversals and
introduces a suitable monad for collecting the inductive hypotheses.
This is part 2 of 2 of #4801 (which closes#4654). That PR was split in
two to allow a stage0 update between declaring the `usize` functions and
using them where they are needed.
Add efficient `usize` functions for `Array`, `ByteArray`, `FloatArray`.
This is part 1 of 2 since there is a need to update stage0 between the
two parts. (See discussion below.)
Closes#4654
Changes:
- We avoid the thread local storage.
- We use a hash map to ensure that cached values are not lost.
- We remove `check_system`. If this becomes an issue in the future we
should precompute the remaining amount of stack space, and use a cheaper
check.
- We add a `Expr.replaceImpl`, and will use it to implement
`Expr.replace` after update-stage0
Declarations with `@[elab_as_elim]` could elaborate as type-incorrect
expressions. Reported by Jireh Loreaux [on
Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/287929-mathlib4/topic/bug.20in.20revert/near/450522157).
(In principle the elabAsElim routine could revert fvars appearing in the
expected type that depend on the discriminants (if the discriminants are
fvars) to increase the likelihood of type correctness, but that's at the
cost of some complexity to both the elaborator and to the user.)
Now it suggests using `@[ext (iff := false)]` to disable generating the
`ext_iff` lemma.
This PR also adjusts error messages and attribute documentation.
Additionally, to simplify the code now the `x` and `y` arguments can't
come in reverse order (this feature was was added in the refactor
#4543).
Closes#4758
A more restrictive but efficient max sharing primitive.
**Motivation:** Some software verification proofs may contain
significant redundancy that can be eliminated using hash-consing (also
known as `shareCommon`). For example, [theorem
`sha512_block_armv8_test_4_sym`](460fe5d74c/Proofs/SHA512/SHA512Sym.lean (L29))
took a few seconds at [`addPreDefinitions`
](1a12f63f74/src/Lean/Elab/PreDefinition/Main.lean (L155))
and one second at `fixLevelParams` on a MacBook Pro (with M1 Pro). The
proof term initially had over 16 million subterms, but the redundancy
was indirectly and inefficiently eliminated using `Core.transform` at
`addPreDefinitions`. I tried to use `shareCommon` method to fix the
performance issue, but it was too inefficient. This PR introduces a new
`shareCommon'` method that, although less flexible (e.g., it uses only a
local cache and hash-consing table), is much more efficient. The new
procedure minimizes the number of RC operations and optimizes the
caching strategy. It is 20 times faster than the old `shareCommon`
procedure for theorem `sha512_block_armv8_test_4_sym`.
I noticed that a change to `Lean.PrettyPrinter.Delaborator.Builtins`
rebuilt more modules than I expected, so I moved a definition and
reduced some dependcies.
More reduction would be possible to move const-delaboration out of the
big `Lean.PrettyPrinter`, and import from `Lean.PrettyPrinter`
selectively.
Add helper function for computing the number of allocated
sub-expressions in a given expression. Note: Use this function primarily
for diagnosing performance issues.
This PR addresses the absence of the `profileitM` function in two
auxiliary functions. The added `profileitM` instances are particularly
useful for diagnosing performance issues in declarations that contain
many repeated sub-terms.
The name `remove` was chosen because it is more popular in mainstream
programming languages, but being consistent with other Lean container
types (including `Lean.HashMap` and `Batteries.HashMap`) is more
important, so let's change the name while we still can.
the internal constructions for structural and well-founded recursion
use plenty of `PProd` and `MProd`, and reading these, deeply
nested and in prefix notation, is unnecessarily troublesome.
Therefore this introduces notations
```
a ×ₚ b -- PProd a b
a ×ₘ b -- MProd a b
()ₚ -- PUnit.unit
(x,y,z)ₚ -- PProd.mk x (PProd.mk y z)
(x,y,z)ₘ -- MProd.mk x (MProd.mk y z)
```
(This is the post-stage0-part 2.)
the internal constructions for structural and well-founded recursion
use plenty of `PProd` and `MProd`, and reading these, deeply
nested and in prefix notation, is unnecessarily troublesome.
Therefore this introduces notations
```
a ×ₚ b -- PProd a b
a ×ₘ b -- MProd a b
()ₚ -- PUnit.unit
(x,y,z)ₚ -- PProd.mk x (PProd.mk y z)
(x,y,z)ₘ -- MProd.mk x (MProd.mk y z)
```
(This is part 1, the rest will follow in #4730 after a stage0 update.)
This now works:
```lean
inductive Tree where | node : List Tree → Tree
mutual
def Tree.size : Tree → Nat
| node ts => list_size ts
def Tree.list_size : List Tree → Nat
| [] => 0
| t::ts => t.size + list_size ts
end
```
It is still out of scope to expect to be able to use nested recursion
(e.g. through `List.map` or `List.foldl`) here.
Depends on #4718.
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <tobias@grosser.es>
the support for mutual structural recursion (new since #4575) is
extended so that Lean tries to infer it even without annotations.
* The error message when termination checking fails looks quite
different now. Maybe a bit better, maybe with more room for
improvements.
* If there are too many combinations (with an arbitrary cut-off) for a
given argument type, it will just give up and ask the user to use
`termination_by structural`.
* It is now legal to specify `termination_by structural` on not
necessarily all functions of a clique; this simply restricts the
combinations of arguments that Lean considers.
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <tobias@grosser.es>
This adds the types
* `IndGroupInfo`, a variant of `InductiveVal` with information that
applies to a whole group of mutual inductives and
* `IndGroupInst` which extends `IndGroupInfo` with levels and parameters
to indicate a instantiation of the group.
One purpose of this abstraction is to make it clear when a fuction
operates on a group as a whole, rather than a specific inductive within
the group.
This is extracted from #4718 and #4733 to reduce PR size and improve
bisectability.
Improves a number of elements related to Git checkouts, cloud releases,
and related error handling.
* On error, Lake now prints all top-level logs. Top-level logs are those
produced by Lake outside of the job monitor (e.g., when cloning
dependencies).
* When fetching a remote for a dependency, Lake now forcibly fetches
tags. This prevents potential errors caused by a repository recreating
tags already fetched.
* Tweaked Git error handling to hopefully be more informative.
* The builtin package facets `release`, `optRelease`, `extraDep` are now
caption in the same manner as other facets. Previously, they were
attempting to be too clever.
* `afterReleaseSync` and `afterReleaseAsync` now fetch `optRelease`
rather than `release`.
* Added support for optional jobs, whose failure does not cause the
whole build to failure (and made `optRelease` such a job).
Closes#4302.
We now get `.below` and `.brecOn` definitions for nested inductives.
No surprises in the implementation: the kernel already gives us suitable
`.rec_1` etc. recursors, and our construction follows the structure of
this recursor.
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <tobias@grosser.es>
Adds a command and tactic to print the `Array <| DiscrTree.Key` for
equalities helping the user to debug perceived `simp` failures.
---------
Co-authored-by: Joachim Breitner <mail@joachim-breitner.de>
this idiom shows up multiple times, is non-trivial (in the sense that
the `localInsts` has to be updated, and I am about to use it once more.
Hence time to abstract this out.
When the `decide` tactic fails, it can try to give hints about the
failure:
- It tells you which `Decidable` instances it unfolded, by making use of
the diagnostics feature.
- If it encounters `Eq.rec`, it gives you a hint that one of these
instances was likely defined using tactics.
- If it encounters `Classical.choice`, it hints that you might have
classical instances in scope.
- During this, it tries to process `Decidable.rec`s and matchers to pin
blame on a particular instance that failed to reduce.
This idea comes from discussion with Heather Macbeth [on
Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/270676-lean4/topic/Decidable.20with.20structures/near/449409870).
this code
```
inductive N where
| cons : (Nat -> N) -> N
mutual
def f : N -> Nat
| .cons a => g (a 32) + 1
termination_by structural n => n
def g : N -> Nat
| .cons a => f (a 42) + 1
termination_by structural n => n
end
```
would break. When searching for the right `belowDict` we now have to,
evne after instantiating the paramters for a reflexive argument, again
search through a bunch of `PProd`s.
(Instead of searching we could pass down the index, but since we are
searching anyways in this function let's just re-use.)
Fixes: #4726
Matchers usually have implicit arguments, and even if they don't the
notation hides the name of the matcher function.
Now when hovering over `match` expressions you can see the actual
underlying matcher expression.
if will fail otherwise, but with a worse error message, and it's helpful
in later transformation to know that the parameters are the same for the
whole group.
This makes it reflect how we are writing release notes for 4.9.0,
including how to handle the `releases_drafts` folder and how and when to
update `RELEASES.md`.
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <kim@tqft.net>
Upstreaming of basic material on `List.Pairwise` and `List.Nodup`. More
complete API to follow later, this is just a first approximation of what
leansat will need.
When a definition is redeclared, the original code would clobber the
value of `const2ModIdx` every time, meaning that a constant would be
attributed to a module which occurs later than the modules for constants
referencing this one. Preferring the original module ensures that these
module indexes are dependency-ordered. This originally came up as a bug
in `shake`, which assumes this property, see
[Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/287929-mathlib4/topic/check.20for.20unused.20imports.20doesn't.20stop/near/449139309).
I'll update `list_simp.lean` (simp normal form testing) and add missing
lemmas in follow-up PRs.
This just upstreams the material, and reorders the lemmas to match the
other sections.
Adds syntactic sugar specifying a git revision as a dependency version
in a `require` command. For example:
```
require "leanprover-community" / "proofwidgets" @ git "v0.0.39"
```
This PR refactors the 'ext' attribute and implements the following
features:
- The 'local' and 'scoped' attribute kinds are now usable.
- The attribute realizes the `ext`/`ext_iff` lemmas when they do not
already exist, rather than always generating them. This is useful in
conjunction with `@[local ext]`.
- Adding `@[ext]` to a user ext lemma now realizes an `ext_iff` lemma as
well; formerly this was only for structures. The name of the generated
`ext_iff` theorem for a user `ext` theorem named `A.B.myext` is
`A.B.myext_iff`. If this process leads to an error, the user can write
`@[ext (iff := false)]` to disable this feature.
Breaking changes:
- Now the "x" and "y" term arguments to the realized `ext` and `ext_iff`
lemmas are implicit.
- Now the realized `ext` and `ext_iff` lemmas are protected.
Bootstrapping notes:
- There are a few `ext_iff` lemmas to address after the next stage0
update.
Closes https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/issues/3643
Suggested by Floris [on
Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/113488-general/topic/.22Missing.20Tactics.22.20list/near/446267660).
right now, in order to find out how many auxilary datatype are in a
mutual group of inductive with nested data type, one has to jump
through hoops like this:
```
private def numNestedInducts (indName : Name) : MetaM Nat := do
let .inductInfo indVal ← getConstInfo indName | panic! "{indName} is an inductive"
let .recInfo recVal ← getConstInfo (mkRecName indName) | panic! "{indName} has a recursor"
return recVal.numMotives - indVal.all.lengt
```
The `InductiveVal` data structure already has `.isNested : Bool`, so it
seems to be a natural extension to beef that up to `.numNested: Nat`.
This touched kernel code.
This adds support for mutual structural recursive functions.
For now this is opt-in: The functions must have a `termination_by
structural …` annotation (new since #4542) for this to work:
```lean
mutual
inductive A
| self : A → A
| other : B → A
| empty
inductive B
| self : B → B
| other : A → B
| empty
end
mutual
def A.size : A → Nat
| .self a => a.size + 1
| .other b => b.size + 1
| .empty => 0
termination_by structural x => x
def B.size : B → Nat
| .self b => b.size + 1
| .other a => a.size + 1
| .empty => 0
termination_by structural x => x
end
```
The recursive functions don’t have to be in a one-to-one relation to a
set of mutually recursive inductive data types. It is possible to ignore
some of the types:
```lean
def A.self_size : A → Nat
| .self a => a.self_size + 1
| .other _ => 0
| .empty => 0
termination_by structural x => x
```
or have more than one function per argument type:
```lean
def isEven : Nat → Prop
| 0 => True
| n+1 => ¬ isOdd n
termination_by structural x => x
def isOdd : Nat → Prop
| 0 => False
| n+1 => ¬ isEven n
termination_by structural x => x
```
This does not include
* Support for nested inductive data types or nested recursion
* Inferring mutual structural recursion in the absence of
`termination_by`.
* Functional induction principles for these.
* Mutually recursive functions that live in different universes. This
may be possible,
maybe after beefing up the `.below` and `.brecOn` functions; we can look
into this some
other time, maybe when there are concrete use cases.
---------
Co-authored-by: Richard Kiss <him@richardkiss.com>
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <tobias@grosser.es>
This file has comments that recall the data type definitions in Lean.
Most of them were still using lean3 syntax, and at least one of them was
out of date (one field missing), so I updated them.
I took the liberty to shorten the comments from the original file, or
omit them if they don’t add much over the field names.
Generalizes #3556 to not suppressing errors in tactic steps either when
the parse error is in a later step, as otherwise changes to the end of a
proof would affect (correctness or effectiveness of) incrementality of
preceding steps.
Fixes#4623, in combination with #4643
As we do not build multiple shared libraries on non-Windows anymore,
count the max exported symbols per static library instead.
Unfortunately, this still does seem to match the number on Windows.
The previous check, looking only at the type of the parameter, was too
permissive and led to ill-typed terms later on.
This fixes#4671.
In some cases the previous code might have worked by accident, in this
sense this is a breaking change. Affected functions can be fixed by
reordering their parameters to that all the function parameters that
occur in the parameter of the inductive type of the parameter that the
function recurses on come first.
Fixes the Windows build. As libLean is by far the biggest component,
there is no need for a separate libStd_shared for now.
```
$ find build/release/stage1/lib/lean -name '*.a' -exec bash -c 'echo -n "{} " ; nm {} | grep " T " | wc -l' \;
build/release/stage1/lib/lean/libleanrt.a 497
build/release/stage1/lib/lean/libleancpp.a 1320
build/release/stage1/lib/lean/libInit.a 7476
build/release/stage1/lib/lean/libStd.a 1696
build/release/stage1/lib/lean/libLean.a 64339
build/release/stage1/lib/lean/libLake.a 5722
```
In #3911, a refactor to share `MessageData` code between `ppConst` and
the signature pretty printer unintentionally caused the signature pretty
printer to use the `pp.tagAppFns` option. This causes, for example, `+`
in `a + b` to independently have its own hover information due to the
fact that `notation` app unexpanders use the head function's syntax as
the `ref` when constructing the notation syntax. This behavior of
`pp.tagAppFns` is intentional, and it is used by docgen, but it should
not be activated for signatures.
This affects `#check` and was reported by Kevin Buzzard [on
Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/270676-lean4/topic/degraded.20hover.20experience.20on.20.23check/near/449380674).
This PR also makes sure the initial `ref` when applying app unexpanders
is `.missing`, rather than whatever random value might be present in the
`CoreM` context.
### Preliminary PRs:
- [x] #4597
- [x] #4599
- [x] #4600
- [x] #4602
- [x] #4603
- [x] #4604
- [x] #4605
- [x] #4607
- [x] #4627
- [x] #4629
### Quick overview over API/naming changes compared to `Lean.HashMap`
and `Batteries.HashMap`:
#### Lean
* `find?` -> `get?`/`getElem?`
* `find!` -> `get!`/`gtetElem!`
* `findD` -> `getD`
* `findEntry?` -> not implemented for now
* `insert'` -> `containsThenInsert` (order reversed in result)
* `insertIfNew` -> `getThenInsertIfNew?` (order reversed in result)
* `numBuckets` -> `Internal.numBuckets`
* `ofListWith` -> not implemented for now
* `Array.groupByKey` -> not implemented for now
* `merge` -> not implemented for now, but you can use `insertMany`
#### Batteries
* `modify` -> not implemented for now
* `mergeWith` -> not implemented for now
* `mergeWithM` -> not implemented for now
I made a mistake in #4517, fixed here, so about time to add a test.
I wonder if this generic level optimization should be moved into
`mkLevelMax'`, but not today.
fixes#4650
Split from #4583
There are two open questions, opinions appreciated:
- Should this material be part of `Init` or `Std`?
- Should the typeclasses be in the `Std` namespace?
This is an auxiliary procedured used by `rw` and `apply` tactics. It
synthesizes pending type class instances.
The new test contains an example where it failed. The comment at
`synthAppInstances.step` explains why, and the fix.
we have a `forallBoundedTelescope`, and for a long while I was
wondering why we also don't have `lambdaBoundedTelescope`, and every now
and then felt the need for it. So let's just add it.
this job sometimes fails, maybe a race condition with the `gh run
cancel` not happenign quickly enough. Maybe more verbose output will
help understand this better.
Now syntax nodes have their formatters run even if the parsers they wrap
are all arity zero. This fixes an issue where if `ppSpace` appears in a
`macro`/`elab` then it does not format with a space due to the fact that
macro argument processing wraps this as `group(ppSpace)`, and `ppSpace`
has arity zero.
Implementation note: the fix is to make the `visitArgs` formatter
combinator always visit the last child, even if it does not exist (in
which case the visited node will be `Syntax.missing`). To compensate,
parser combinators like many and optional need to be sure to keep track
of whether there any children. Only optional's needed to be modified.
Closes#4561
Summary:
- Adds configuration option `exponentiation.threshold`
- An expression `b^n` where `b` and `n` are literals is not reduced by
`whnf`, `simp`, and `isDefEq` if `n > exponentiation.threshold`.
Motivation: prevents system from becoming irresponsive and/or crashing
without memory.
TODO: improve support in the kernel. It is using a hard-coded limit for
now.
Before, `pp.instantiateMVars` generally had no effect because most call
sites for the pretty printer instantiated metavariables first, but now
this functionality is entrusted upon the `pp.instantiateMVars` option.
This also has an effect in hovers, where metavariables can be unfolded
one assignment at a time. However, the goal state still sees all
metavariables instantiated due to the fact that the algorithm relies on
expression equality post-instantiation (see
`Lean.Widget.goalToInteractive`).
Closes#4406
Closes#2736
See comment at `ExprDefEq.lean` for explanation.
Side effects:
- Improved error messages in two tests.
- Had to improve `getSuccesses` procedure at `App.lean`. It now
discards candidates that contain postponed elaboration problems.
If it is too disruptive for Mathlib, we should try to discard the
ones that have postponed metavariables.
Split from #4583
`exists_of_set` appears in Batteries as `exists_of_set'`. The
`exists_of_set` version is unused in batteries and mathlib at least and
I would argue that the primed version (i.e., the one added in this PR)
is always better anyway.
`isEmpty_iff` appears in mathlib as `isEmpty_iff_eq_nil`.
Fixes#4591. The extra code already existed in the only other user of
`unresolveNameGlobal` (in the pretty printer), although I did not make
it use this function because it has some additional behavior around
universes and in pattern position.
This implements the recurrence theorems `getLsb_mul`, `mulRec_zero_eq`,
`mulRec_succ_eq` to allow bitblasting multiplication.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott@tqft.net>
This implements the `termination_by structural` syntax proposed in
#3909.
I went with `termination_by structural` over, say,
`termination_by (config := {method := .structural})` mainly because it
was
easier to get going (otherwise I’d have to look into how to define
recursive
parsers, as `Parser.config` depends on `term` and `termination_by` is
part of
term. But also because I find it more ergonomic and aesthetic as a user.
But syntax can still change.
The `termination_by?` syntax will no longer force well-founded
recursion,
and instead the inferred `termination_by structurally` annotation will
be shown
if structural termination is possible.
While I was it, this fixes#4546 the easy way (log errors about but
otherwise
ignore incomplete `termination_by` sets for mutual recursion). Maybe we
get
multiple replacements (#4551), but even then this this good behavior.
Involves a bit of shuffling around `TerimationHints` (now validated for
a
clique already by `PreDefinition.main`) and `TerminationArguments` (now
lifted
out of the `WF` namespace, and a bit simplified).
Fixes#3909
---------
Co-authored-by: Richard Kiss <him@richardkiss.com>
using the order as it comes out of the `HashMap` led to annying test
suite output variations. Moreover, sorting by the canonical order leads
to messages that are probably easier to digest as a user.
Adds linkage to `Std` so the build behaviour on darwin is in line with
linux
I'm not sure why linking with `Std` is needed. I deleted it in the
previous patch https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/pull/3811 and Lean
still builds and runs. @tydeu mentioned this issue so I created this PR.
Adds a new type of `require` which fetches package metadata from a
registry API endpoint (i.e., Reservoir) and then clones a Git package
using the information provided. To require such a dependency, the new
syntax is:
```lean
require <scope> / <pkg-name> [@ "git#<rev>"] -- e.g., require "leanprover" / "doc-gen4"
```
Or in TOML:
```toml
[[require]]
name = "<pkg-name>"
scope = "<scope>"
rev = "<rev>"
```
Unlike with Git dependencies, Lake can make use of the richer
information provided by the registry to determine the default branch of
the package. This means for repositories of packages like `doc-gen4`
which have a default branch that is not `master`, Lake will now use said
default branch (e.g., in `doc-gen4`'s case, `main`).
Lake also supports configuring the registry endpoint via an environment
variable: `RESERVIOR_API_URL`. Thus, any server providing a similar
interface to Reservoir can be used as the registry. Further
configuration options paralleling those of Cargo's [Alternative
Registries](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/registries.html)
and [Source
Replacement](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/source-replacement.html)
will come in the future.
Updated and split from #3174.
This example, reported from LNSym, started failing when we changed the
definition of `Fin.sub` in
https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/pull/4421.
When we use the new definition, `omega` produces a proof term that the
kernel is very slow on.
To work around this for now, I've removed `BitVec.toNat_sub` from the
`bv_toNat` simp set,
and replaced it with `BitVec.toNat_sub'` which uses the old definition
for subtraction.
This is only a workaround, and I would like to understand why the term
chokes the kernel.
```
example
(n : Nat)
(addr2 addr1 : BitVec 64)
(h0 : n ≤ 18446744073709551616)
(h1 : addr2 + 18446744073709551615#64 - addr1 ≤ BitVec.ofNat 64 (n - 1))
(h2 : addr2 - addr1 ≤ addr2 + 18446744073709551615#64 - addr1) :
n = 18446744073709551616 := by
bv_omega
```
The new option `set_option debug.skipKernelTC true` is meant for
temporarily working around kernel performance issues.
It compromises soundness because a buggy tactic may produce an invalid
proof, and the kernel will not catch it if the new option is set to true.
Remark: I had to comment
```
if debug.skipKernelTC.get opts then
addDeclWithoutChecking env decl
else
```
because the build was crashing when trying to compile Lake.
Going to perform `update-stage0` and try again.
Addresses a few issues with precompile library computation.
* Fixes a bug where Lake would always precompile the package of a
module.
* If a module is precompiled, it now precompiles its imports.
Previously, it would only do this if imported.
Closes#4565.
This appears to have been a semantic merge conflict between #3940 and
#4129. The effect on the language server is that if two edits are
sufficiently close in time to create an interrupt, some elaboration
steps like `simp` may accidentally catch the exception when it is
triggered during their execution, which makes incrementality assume that
elaboration of the body was successful, which can lead to incorrect
reuse, presenting the interrupted state to the user with symptoms such
as "uses sorry" without accompanying errors and incorrect lints.
When the type of a definition or example is a proposition,
we should elaborate on them as we elaborate on theorems.
This is particularly important for examples that are often
used in educational material.
Recall that when elaborating theorem headers, we convert unassigned
universe metavariables into universe parameters. The motivation is
that the proof of a theorem should not influence its statement.
However, before this commit, this was not the case for definitions and
examples when their type was a proposition. This discrepancy often
confused users.
Additionally, we considered extending the above behavior whenever
the type of a definition is provided. That is, we would keep the
current behavior only if `: <type>` was omitted in a definition.
However, this proved to be too restrictive.
For example, the following instance in `Core.lean` would fail:
```
instance {α : Sort u} [Setoid α] : HasEquiv α :=
⟨Setoid.r⟩
```
and we would have to write instead:
```
instance {α : Sort u} [Setoid α] : HasEquiv.{u, 0} α :=
⟨Setoid.r⟩
```
There are other failures like this in the core, and we assume many more
in Mathlib.
closes#4398
@semorrison @jcommelin: what do you think?
this is in preparation for #4542, and extracts from `findRecArg` the
functionality for trying one particular argument.
It also refactors the code a bit. In particular
* It reports errors in the order of the parameters, not the order of
in which they are tried (it tries non-indices first).
* For every argument it will say why it wasn't tried, even if the
reason is quite obviously (fixed prefix, or `Prop`-typed etc.)
Therefore there is some error message churn.
This ports the `.below` and `.brecOn` constructions to lean.
I kept them in the same file, as they were in the C code, because they
are
highly coupled and the constructions are very analogous.
For validation I developed this in a separate repository at
https://github.com/nomeata/lean-constructions/tree/fad715e
and checked that all declarations found in Lean and Mathlib are
equivalent, up to
def canon (e : Expr) : CoreM Expr := do
Core.transform (← Core.betaReduce e) (pre := fun
| .const n ls => return .done (.const n (ls.map (·.normalize)))
| .sort l => return .done (.sort l.normalize)
| _ => return .continue)
It was not feasible to make them completely equal, because the kernel's
type inference code seem to optimize level expressions a bit less
aggressively, and beta-reduces less in inference.
The private helper functions about `PProd` can later move into their own
file, used by these constructions as well as the structural recursion
module.
Fixes some issues with the executable build and bad imports.
**Release notes:**
* A bad import in an executable no longer prevents the executable's root
module from being built., This also fixes a problem where the location
of a transitive bad import would not been shown.
* The root module of the executable now respects `nativeFacets`.
**Technical touchups:**
* Expanded and better documented `tests/badImport`.
* Use `ensureJob` in `recBuildDeps` to catch import errors instead of
individual `try ... catch` blocks.
Issue #4535 is being affected by a bug in the structural inductive
predicate termination checker (`IndPred.lean`). This module did not
exist in Lean 3, and it is buggy in Lean 4. In the given example, it
introduces an auxiliary declaration containing a `sorry`, and the fails.
This PR ensures this kind of declaration is not added to the
environment.
Closes#4535
TODO: we need a new maintainer for the `IndPred.lean`.
The `pp.maxSteps` option is a hard limit on the complexity of pretty
printer output, which is necessary to prevent the LSP from crashing when
there are accidental large terms. We're using the default value from the
corresponding Lean 3 option.
This PR also sets `pp.deepTerms` to `false` by default.
When the type of an `example` is a proposition,
we should elaborate on them as we elaborate on theorems.
This is particularly important for examples that are often
used in educational material.
Recall that when elaborating theorem headers, we convert unassigned
universe metavariables into universe parameters. The motivation is
that the proof of a theorem should not influence its statement.
However, before this commit, this was not the case for examples when
their type was a proposition.
This discrepancy often confused users.
Additionally, we considered extending the above behavior to definitions
when
1- When their type is a proposition. However, it still caused disruption
in Mathlib.
2- When their type is provided. That is, we would keep the current
behavior only if `: <type>` was omitted. This would make the elaborator
for `def` much closer to the one for `theorem`, but it proved to be too
restrictive.
For example, the following instance in `Core.lean` would fail:
```
instance {α : Sort u} [Setoid α] : HasEquiv α :=
⟨Setoid.r⟩
```
and we would have to write instead:
```
instance {α : Sort u} [Setoid α] : HasEquiv.{u, 0} α :=
⟨Setoid.r⟩
```
There are other failures like this in the core, and we assume many more
in Mathlib.
closes#4398closes#4482 Remark: PR #4482 implements option 1 above. We may consider
it again in the future.
We add a new definition `BitVec.twoPow w i` to represent `(1#w <<< i)`.
This expression is used to test bits when building the multiplication
bitblaster.
Patch 1/?, being peeled from https://github.com/opencompl/lean4/pull/6.
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <github@grosser.es>
Fixes typo "reflexivitiy" to "reflexivity", and changes exact Eq.rfl to
exact rfl, since Eq.rfl does not exist.
(I got something confused wrt the bot message on #4367 and accidentally
closed that one, so making this one instead, which I think satisfies the
requirements it wanted.)
---------
Co-authored-by: Joachim Breitner <mail@joachim-breitner.de>
this is the simplest of the constructions to be ported from C++ to Lean,
so I’ll PR this one first.
This begins to put each construction into its own file, as it was the
case with C++.
For validation I developed this in a separate repository at
https://github.com/nomeata/lean-constructions/tree/fad715e
and checked that all `.recOn` declarations found in Lean and Mathlib are
identical (per `==`) to the ones produced by the C code.
Fixes a bug where Lake incorrectly included the module dynlib in a
platform-independent trace. It was incorrectly excluded only external
native libraries from the trace. Also adds a test.
as #4527 describes there is inconsistency between `by`, `case` and
`next` on the one hand who, if the goal isn’t closed, put squiggly
underlines on the first line, and `.`, which so far only squiggled the
dot (which is a very short symbol!)
With this change the same mechanism as used by `case`, namely
`withCaseRef`, is also used for `.`.
There is an argument for the status quo: The `.` tactic is more commonly
used
with further tactics on the same line, and thus there is now a higher
risk that
the user might think that the first tactic is broken. But
* the same argument does apply to `by` and `case` where there was an
intentional
choice to do it this way
* consistency and
* a squiggly line just under the short `.` is easy to miss, so it is
actually
better to underlining more here (at least until we have a better way to
indicate incomplete proofs, which I have hopes for)
Fixes#4527, at least most of it.
This is the groundwork for a tactic index in generated documentation, as
there was in Lean 3. There are a few challenges to getting this to work
well in Lean 4:
* There's no natural notion of *tactic identity* - a tactic may be
specified by multiple syntax rules (e.g. the pattern-matching version of
`intro` is specified apart from the default version, but both are the
same from a user perspective)
* There's no natural notion of *tactic name* - here, we take the
pragmatic choice of using the first keyword atom in the tactic's syntax
specification, but this may need to be overridable someday.
* Tactics are extensible, but we don't want to allow arbitrary imports
to clobber existing tactic docstrings, which could become unpredictable
in practice.
For tactic identity, this PR introduces the notion of a *tactic
alternative*, which is a `syntax` specification that is really "the same
as" an existing tactic, but needs to be separate for technical reasons.
This provides a notion of tactic identity, which we can use as the basis
of a tactic index in generated documentation. Alternative forms of
tactics are specified using a new `@[tactic_alt IDENT]` attribute,
applied to the new tactic syntax. It is an error to declare a tactic
syntax rule to be an alternative of another one that is itself an
alternative. Documentation hovers now take alternatives into account,
and display the docs for the canonical name.
*Tactic tags*, created with the `register_tactic_tag` command, specify
tags that may be applied to tactics. This is intended to be used by
doc-gen and Verso. Tags may be applied using the `@[tactic_tag TAG1 TAG2
...]` attribute on a canonical tactic parser, which may be used in any
module to facilitate downstream projects introducing tags that apply to
pre-existing tactics. Tags may not be removed, but it's fine to
redundantly add them. The collection of tags, and the tactics to which
they're applied, can be seen using the `#print tactic tags` command.
*Extension documentation* provides a structured way to document
extensions to tactics. The resulting documentation is gathered into a
bulleted list at the bottom of the tactic's docstring. Extensions are
added using the `tactic_extension TAC` command. This can be used when
adding new interpretations of a tactic via `macro_rules`, when extending
some table or search index used by the tactic, or in any other way. It
is a command to facilitate its flexible use with various extension
mechanisms.
Describes the intended modes of use, potential performance tradeoffs,
and data representation in more detail.
---------
Co-authored-by: Sebastian Ullrich <sebasti@nullri.ch>
Co-authored-by: Mac Malone <tydeu@hatpress.net>
The recent change of the trace format exposed some unexpected issues
with Lake's tracing handling. This aims to fix that.
Lake will now perform a rebuild if the trace file is invalid/unreadable.
However, it will still fall back to modification times if the trace file
is missing. Also, Lake is now backwards compatible with the previous
pure numeric traces (and tolerates the absence of a `log` field in the
JSON trace).
This PR introduces complete simprocs for all the Int versions of
div/mod, and makes some small refactoring of Int lemmas and
library_search.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <kim@tqft.net>
#3850 included a commit that added an extra test for `exact?`, but was
otherwise unrelated the to PR. It also removed a test. I've
cherry-picked that test over, and restored the deleted test, and next
will remove the commit from #3850.
The linters in Batteries can be used to spot mistakes in Lean. See the
message on
[Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/270676-lean4/topic/Go-to-def.20on.20typeclass.20fields.20and.20type-dependent.20notation/near/442613564).
These are the different linters with errors:
- unusedArguments:
There are many unused instance arguments, especially a redundant `[Monad
m]` is very common
- checkUnivs:
There was a problem with universes in a definition in
`Init.Control.StateCps`. I fixed it by adding a `variable` statement for
the implicit arguments in the file.
- defLemma:
many proofs are written as `def` instead of `theorem`, most notably
`rfl`. Because `rfl` is used as a match pattern, it must be a def. Is
this desirable?
The keyword `abbrev` is sometimes used for an alias of a theorem, which
also results in a def. I would want to replace it with the `alias`
keyword to fix this, but it isn't available.
- dupNamespace:
I fixed some of these, but left `Tactic.Tactic` and `Parser.Parser` as
they are as these seem intended.
- unusedHaveSuffices:
I cleaned up a few proofs with unused `have` or `suffices`
- explicitVarsOfIff:
I didn't fix any of these, because that would be a breaking change.
- simpNF:
I didn't fix any of these, because I think that requires knowing the
intended simplification order.
Continuation of #3958. To ensure that lean code is able to uphold the
invariant that `String`s are valid UTF-8 (which is assumed by the lean
model), we have to make sure that no lean objects are created with
invalid UTF-8. #3958 covers the case of lean code creating strings via
`fromUTF8Unchecked`, but there are still many cases where C++ code
constructs strings from a `const char *` or `std::string` with unclear
UTF-8 status.
To address this and minimize accidental missed validation, the
`(lean_)mk_string` function is modified to validate UTF-8. The original
function is renamed to `mk_string_unchecked`, with several other
variants depending on whether we know the string is UTF-8 or ASCII and
whether we have the length and/or utf8 char count on hand. I reviewed
every function which leads to `mk_string` or its variants in the C code,
and used the appropriate validation function, defaulting to `mk_string`
if the provenance is unclear.
This PR adds no new error handling paths, meaning that incorrect UTF-8
will still produce incorrect results in e.g. IO functions, they are just
not causing unsound behavior anymore. A subsequent PR will handle adding
better error reporting for bad UTF-8.
this is a first step towards porting the code `constructions.cpp` to
Lean: It leaves the construction of the `Declaration` untouched, but
moves adding the declarations to the environment, and setting various
attributes, to the Lean world.
This allows the remaining logic (the construction of the `Declaration`)
to be implemented in Lean separately and easily compared to the C++
implementation, before we replace that too.
To that end, `Declaraion` gains an `BEq` instance.
---------
Co-authored-by: Leonardo de Moura <leomoura@amazon.com>
Co-authored-by: Arthur Adjedj <arthur.adjedj@ens-paris-saclay.fr>
Fixes a bug in #4371 where the version of a package used by a dependency
would take precedence over that of a the same package as a direct
dependency if that package had a a manifest. This was because the direct
dependency's manifest entries were added before all the direct
dependencies were visited.
A set of general tweaks of the `require` syntax and docs that provide a
base for #4495.
The sole significant behavioral change is that the `name` field of a
`require` in TOML now falls back to being interpreted as a simple string
name if the value is not a valid Lean identifier. This means that a
require for a package like `doc-gen4` can be written without French
quotes.
I removed a redundant `if tFn.isMVar || sFn.isMVar then ... else return
LBool.undef` in the `else` clause of
```
if !tFn.isMVar && !sFn.isMVar then
return LBool.undef
else
```
I made a modification to the `mkLambdaFVars` function, adding a
`etaReduce : Bool` parameter that determines whether a new lambda of the
form `fun x => f x` should be replaced by `f`. I then set this option to
true at `isDefEq` when processing metavariable assignments.
This means that many unnecessary eta unreduced expression are now
reduced. This is beneficial for users, so that they do not have to deal
with such unreduced expressions. It is also beneficial for performance,
leading to a 0.6% improvement in build instructions. Most notably,
`Mathlib.Algebra.DirectLimit`, previously a top 50 slowest file, has
sped up by 40%.
Quite a number of proof in mathlib broke. Many of these involve removing
a now unnecessary `simp only`. In other cases, a simp or rewrite doesn't
work anymore, such as a `simp_rw [mul_comm]` that was used to rewrite
`fun x => 2*x`, but now this term has turned into `HMul.hMul 2`.
Closes#4386
This is not the most exciting place to start, but I started here to:
* pick a function with little development in Batteries and Mathlib, so I
wouldn't have conflicts
* that is easy!
* to see how much effort it is to get fairly complete coverage
* and to set up some infrastructure to be used later, i.e.
`tests/lean/run/list_simp.lean`
This assigns priorities to the equational lemmas so that more specific
ones
are tried first before a possible catch-all with possible
side-conditions.
We assign very low priorities to match the simplifiers behavior when
unfolding
a definition, which happens in `simpLoop`’ `visitPreContinue` after
applying
rewrite rules.
Definitions with more than 100 equational theorems will use priority 1
for all
but the last (a heuristic, not perfect).
fixes#4173, to some extent.
`Nat.succ_eq_add_one` and `Nat.pred_eq_sub_one` are now simp lemmas. For
theorems about `Nat.succ` or `Nat.pred` without corresponding theorem
for `+ 1` or `- 1`, this adds the corresponding theorem.
This PR neither adds nor removes material, but improves the organization
of `Init/Data/List/*`.
These files are essentially completely re-ordered, to ensure that
material is developed in a consistent order between `List.Basic`,
`List.Impl`, `List.BasicAux`, and `List.Lemmas`.
Everything is organised in subsections, and I've added some module docs.
presumably this avoids unnecessary work when `omega` is used in tactic
combinators where the error message is never seen. Measurement did not
show
any significant changes, though.
With an artificial sleep in
```diff
diff --git a/src/Lean/Elab/Tactic/Omega/Frontend.lean b/src/Lean/Elab/Tactic/Omega/Frontend.lean
index fd297eef60..31ea3f6bd0 100644
--- a/src/Lean/Elab/Tactic/Omega/Frontend.lean
+++ b/src/Lean/Elab/Tactic/Omega/Frontend.lean
@@ -538,6 +538,7 @@ def formatErrorMessage (p : Problem) : OmegaM MessageData := do
else
let as ← atoms
return .ofLazyM (es := as) do
+ IO.sleep 10000
let mask ← mentioned as p.constraints
let names ← varNames mask
return m!"a possible counterexample may satisfy the constraints\n" ++
```
I can observe that `omega` is slow and `try omega` fast, so it seems to
work at least.
When an implicit argument cannot be inferred, the error should show the
name of the argument.
Showing the argument name in the error message for an uninstantiated
metavariable was introduced in da33f498f5,
but this implementation causes some argument names to get lost.
The modules `CollectMVars` and `FindMVars` only search for expression
metavariables and not level metavariables, so we should use
`Expr.hasExprMVar` instead of `Expr.hasMVar`.
This came up when watching new Lean users in a class situation. A number
of them were confused when they omitted a namespace on a constructor
name, and Lean treated the variable as a pattern that matches anything.
For example, this program is accepted but may not do what the user
thinks:
```
inductive Tree (α : Type) where
| leaf
| branch (left : Tree α) (val : α) (right : Tree α)
def depth : Tree α → Nat
| leaf => 0
```
Adding a `branch` case to `depth` results in a confusing message.
With this linter, Lean marks `leaf` with:
```
Local variable 'leaf' resembles constructor 'Tree.leaf' - write '.leaf' (with a dot) or 'Tree.leaf' to use the constructor.
note: this linter can be disabled with `set_option linter.constructorNameAsVariable false`
```
Additionally, the error message that occurs when invalid names are
applied in patterns now suggests similar names. This means that:
```
def length (list : List α) : Nat :=
match list with
| nil => 0
| cons x xs => length xs + 1
```
now results in the following warning on `nil`:
```
warning: Local variable 'nil' resembles constructor 'List.nil' - write '.nil' (with a dot) or 'List.nil' to use the constructor.
note: this linter can be disabled with `set_option linter.constructorNameAsVariable false`
```
and error on `cons`:
```
invalid pattern, constructor or constant marked with '[match_pattern]' expected
Suggestion: 'List.cons' is similar
```
The list of suggested constructors is generated before the type of the
pattern is known, so it's less accurate, but it truncates the list to
ten elements to avoid being overwhelming. This mostly comes up with
`mk`.
This restores the behavior prior to
9f6bbfa106
for `MessageData.ofSyntax` `MessageData.ofExpr`, and
`MessageData.ofLevel` while staying within the new `.ofLazy` paradigm.
Also adds some documentation to help developers understand the missing
context issue.
Closes#4432
---------
Co-authored-by: Joachim Breitner <mail@joachim-breitner.de>
We recently discovered inconsistencies in Mathlib and Std over the
ordering of the arguments for `==`.
The most common usage puts the "more variable" term on the LHS, and the
"more constant" term on the RHS, however there are plenty of exceptions,
and they cause unnecessary pain when switching (particularly, sometimes
requiring otherwise unneeded `LawfulBEq` hypotheses).
This convention is consistent with the (obvious) preference for `x == 0`
over `0 == x` when one term is a literal.
We recently updated Std to use this convention
https://github.com/leanprover/std4/pull/430
This PR changes the two major places in Lean that use the opposite
convention, and adds a suggestion to the docstring for `BEq` about the
preferred convention.
This incorporates many general Lake DSL changes from #2439 and adds some
new related changes.
* Rework configuration names (e.g., `package <name>`)
* String literals ca now be used instead of identifiers for names.
* The name syntax is now optional and can instead be set via the `name`
field.
* Avoid French quotes in `lake new` / `lake init` templates (except in
`lean_lib` names). This is not done for `lean_lib` because it needs a
proper identifier for its root. It could use a string and reparse it as
an identifier, but this seems liable to produce confusion.
* The `exe` templates now names it main module `Main` like the `std`
template.
* Improve `math` template error if `lean-toolchain` fails to download.
* Lake now logs a warning rather than an error on unknown configuration
fields. This increases the Lake DSL's cross-version compatibility.
Closes#3385.
Moves the cached log into the trace file (no more `.log.json`). This
means logs are no longer cached on fatal errors and this ensures that an
out-of-date log is not associated with an up-to-date trace. Separately,
`.hash` file generation was changed to be more reliable as well. `.hash`
files are deleted as part of the build and always regenerate with
`--rehash`.
Closes#2751.
Use a TOML file for the Lake configuration of the `src/lake` directory
instead of a Lean file. This avoids having to load a version of the Lake
library to build Lake.
This is from a ~~pair~~triple programming session with @tydeu and
@mhuisi.
If stage 1 is built with `-DUSE_LAKE=ON`, the CMake run will generate
`lakefile.toml` files for the root, `src`, and `tests`. These Lake
configuration files can then be used to build core oleans. While they do
not yet allow Lake to be used to build the Lean binaries. they do allow
Lake to be used for working interactively with the Lean source. In our
preliminary experiments, this allowed updates to `Init.Data.Nat` to be
noticed automatically when reloading downstream files, rather than
requiring a full manual compiler rebuild. This will make it easier to
work on the system.
As part of this change, Lake is added to stage 0. This allows Lake to
function in `src`, which uses the stage 0 toolchain.
---------
Co-authored-by: Mac Malone <tydeu@hatpress.net>
Co-authored-by: Sebastian Ullrich <sebasti@nullri.ch>
This PR addresses some non-critical but annoying issues that sometimes
cause the language server to report an error:
- When using global search and replace in VS Code, the language client
sends `textDocument/didChange` notifications for documents that it never
told the server to open first. Instead of emitting an error and crashing
the language server when this occurs, we now instead ignore the
notification. Fixes#4435.
- When terminating the language server, VS Code sometimes still sends
request to the language server even after emitting a `shutdown` request.
The LSP spec explicitly forbids this, but instead of emitting an error
when this occurs, we now error requests and ignore all other messages
until receiving the final `exit` notification. Reported on Zulip several
times over the years but never materialized as an issue, e.g.
https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/270676-lean4/topic/Got.20.60shutdown.60.20request.2C.20expected.20an.20.60exit.60.20notification/near/441914289.
- Some language clients attempt to reply to the file watcher
registration request before completing the LSP initialization dance. To
fix this, we now only send this request after the initialization dance
has completed. Fixes#3904.
---------
Co-authored-by: Sebastian Ullrich <sebasti@nullri.ch>
A pending tactic mvar managed to escape into an unexpected context in
specific circumstances.
```lean
example : True := by
· rw [show 0 = 0 by rfl]
```
* Term elaboration of the `show` creates a pending mvar for the `by rfl`
proof
* `rw` fails with an exception because the pattern does not occur in the
target
* `cdot` catches the exception and admits the goal
* `Term.runTactic` [synthesizes all pending mvars from the tactic's
execution](5f9dedfe5e/src/Lean/Elab/SyntheticMVars.lean (L350)),
including the `by rfl` proof. But this would not have happened without
`cdot` as the exception would have skipped that invocation!
* Now incrementality is confused because the nested `by rfl` proof is
unexpectedly run in the same context as the top-level proof, writing to
the wrong promise, and the error message is lost
Solution: disable incrementality for these pending mvars
The performance issue at #4413 is due to our `Fin.sub` definition.
```
def sub : Fin n → Fin n → Fin n
| ⟨a, h⟩, ⟨b, _⟩ => ⟨(a + (n - b)) % n, mlt h⟩
```
Thus, the following runs out of stack space
```
example (a : UInt64) : a - 1 = a :=
rfl
```
at the `isDefEq` test
```
(a.val.val + 18446744073709551615) % 18446744073709551616 =?= a.val.val
```
From the user's perspective, this timeout is unexpected since they are
using small numerals, and none of the other `Fin` basic operations (such
as `Fin.add` and `Fin.mul`) suffer from this problem.
This PR implements an inelegant solution for the performance issue. It
redefines `Fin.sub` as
```
def sub : Fin n → Fin n → Fin n
| ⟨a, h⟩, ⟨b, _⟩ => ⟨((n - b) + a) % n, mlt h⟩
```
This approach is unattractive because it relies on the fact that
`Nat.add` is defined using recursion on the second argument.
The impact on this repo was small, but we want to evaluate the impact on
Mathlib.
closes#4413
It seems:
* there was no actual need for the UInt32 valued version
* downstream we were getting duplicative lemmas about both
* so lets reduce the API surface area!
If anyone would prefer the remaining function is still called
`Char.utf8Size` I will happily change it. (`size` is hopefully still
unambiguous, and it's helpful to rename here so we can give a
deprecation warning that explains the type signature change.)
---------
Co-authored-by: Mac Malone <tydeu@hatpress.net>
Before this commit, the `theorem` and `def` declarations had different
universe parameter orders.
For example, the following `theorem`:
```
theorem f (a : α) (f : α → β) : f a = f a := by
rfl
```
was elaborated as
```
theorem f.{u_2, u_1} : ∀ {α : Sort u_1} {β : Sort u_2} (a : α) (f : α → β), f a = f a :=
fun {α} {β} a f => Eq.refl (f a)
```
However, if we declare `f` as a `def`, the expected order is produced.
```
def f.{u_1, u_2} : ∀ {α : Sort u_1} {β : Sort u_2} (a : α) (f : α → β), f a = f a :=
fun {α} {β} a f => Eq.refl (f a)
```
This commit fixes this discrepancy.
@semorrison @jcommelin: This might be a disruptive change to Mathlib,
but it is better to fix the issue asap. I am surprised nobody has
complained about this issue before. I discovered it while trying to
reduce discrepancies between `theorem` and `def` elaboration.
Closes#4375
The following example raises `error: (kernel) declaration has free
variables '_example'`:
```lean
example: Nat → Nat :=
let a : Nat := Nat.zero
fun (_ : Nat) =>
let b : Nat := Nat.zero
(fun (_ : a = b) => 0) (Eq.refl a)
```
During elaboration of `0`, `elabNumLit` creates a synthetic mvar
`?_uniq.16` which gets abstracted by `elabFun` to `?_uniq.16 :=
?_uniq.50 _uniq.6 _uniq.12`. The `isDefEq` to `instOfNatNat 0` results
in:
```
?_uniq.50 :=
fun (x._@.4375._hyg.13 : Nat) =>
let b : Nat := Nat.zero
fun (x._@.4375._hyg.23 : Eq.{1} Nat _uniq.4 b) =>
instOfNatNat 0
```
This has a free variable `_uniq.4` which was `a`.
When the application of `?_uniq.50` to `#[#2, #0]` is instantiated, the
`let b : Nat := Nat.zero` blocks the beta-reduction and `_uniq.4`
remains in the expression.
fix: add `(useZeta := true)` here:
ea46bf2839/src/Lean/MetavarContext.lean (L567)
As [reported on
Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/113488-general/topic/maybe.20a.20cache.20bug.3F).
We expected that for sound reuse of elaboration results, it is
sufficient to compare the old and new syntax tree's structure and atoms
including position info, but not the whitespace in between them.
However, we have at least one request handler, the goal view, that
inspects the whitespace after a tactic and thus could return incorrect
results on reuse. For now we implement the straightforward fix of
checking the whitespace as well. Alternatives like updating the
whitespace stored in the reused info tree are tbd.
This has the slight disadvantage that adding whitespace at the end of a
tactic will re-execute it (or the entire body, but not the header, if
the body is not a tactic block), but only up to typing the first
character of the next tactic or command.
Deprecates `inputFile` and replaces it with `inputBinFile` and
`inputTextFile`. `inputTextFile` normalizes line endings, which helps
ensure text file traces are platform-independent.
The type uses `PUnit`, but the `pure ()` in the body was forcing the
implicit universe level at `PUnit` to be `1`.
We should probably elaborate `def`s like we elaborate theorems when the
resulting type is provided. This kind of mistake is hard to spot.
This `@[inline]` causes Lean to respecialize `RBMap.find?` to `NameMap`
at each call site of `NameMap.find?`, creating lots of unnecessary
duplicate IR.
so that the pretty-printed origin is clickable, and avoid the
unnecessary `@`.
Particularly nice is this fix:
```diff
/--
-info: [Meta.Tactic.simp.discharge] @bar discharge ✅
+info: [Meta.Tactic.simp.discharge] bar discharge ✅
autoParam T _auto✝
- [Meta.Tactic.simp.rewrite] { }:1000, T ==> True
-[Meta.Tactic.simp.rewrite] @bar:1000, U ==> True
+ [Meta.Tactic.simp.rewrite] T.mk:1000, T ==> True
+[Meta.Tactic.simp.rewrite] bar:1000, U ==> True
-/
```
this is an amendment to #4177, after @kmill pointed out an issue:
Users might expect that within a tactic combinator like `first`, `simp
[h]` fails if `h` does not exist. Therefore the behavior introduced in
PR #4177, which is really most useful in mormal interactive use of
`skip`, is restricted to when `recover := true`.
types like
```
inductive Many (α : Type u) where
| none : Many α
| more : α → (Unit → Many α) → Many α
```
have a `.brecOn` only supports motives producing `Type u`, but not `Sort
u`, but our induction principles produce `Prop`. So the previous
implementation of functional induction would fail for functions that
structurally recurse over such types.
We recognize this case now and, rather hazardously, replace `.brecOn`
with `.binductionOn` (and thus `.below ` with `.ibelow` and `PProd` with
`And`). This assumes that these definitions are highly analogous.
This also improves the error message when realizing a reserved name
fails with an exception, by prepending
```
Failed to realize constant {id}:
```
to the error message.
Fixes#4320
The key idea is to notice that `signExtend` behavior is controlled by
the `msb`. When `msb = false`, `sext` behaves the same as `trunc`. When
`msb = true`, `sext` behaves like `trunc` but adds high 1-bits. This is
expressed using the negate-truncate-negate pattern. Lemma statements
below:
```lean
theorem signExtend_eq_neg_truncate_neg_of_msb_false {x : BitVec w} {v : Nat} (hmsb : x.msb = false) :
(x.signExtend v) = x.truncate v := by
theorem signExtend_eq_neg_truncate_neg_of_msb_true {x : BitVec w} {v : Nat} (hmsb : x.msb = true) :
(x.signExtend v) = ~~~((~~~x).truncate v) := by
```
These give the final theorem statement:
```lean
theorem getLsb_signExtend {x : BitVec w} {v i : Nat} :
(x.signExtend v).getLsb i = (decide (i < v) && if i < w then x.getLsb i else x.msb) := by
```
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <github@grosser.es>
Co-authored-by: Alex Keizer <alex@keizer.dev>
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott@tqft.net>
Remark: when splitting an `if-then-else` term, the subgoals now have
tags `isTrue` and `isFalse` instead of `inl` and `inr`.
closes#4313
---------
Co-authored-by: Mario Carneiro <di.gama@gmail.com>
The current manner of lifting `LogIO` into `CliM` produces excessive
specializations (due to a nested inlined `forM`). There was also a bug
where `IO` was lifted into `CliM` via `LogIO` rather than directly
through `MainM`.
Stores the dependency trace for a build in the cached build log and then
verifies that it matches the trace of the current build before replaying
the log. Includes test.
Closes#4303.
The `save` happened in a slightly different context from the restore,
which a refinement of the `saveOrRestoreFull` signature now makes
impossible.
Fixes#4328
this fixes a usability paper cut that just annoyed me. When editing a
larger simp proof, I usually want to see the goal state after the simp,
and this is what I see while the `simp` command is complete. But then,
when I start typing, and necessarily type incomplete lemma names, that
error makes `simp` do nothing again and I see the original goal state.
In fact, if a prefix of the simp theorem name I am typing is a valid
identifier, it jumps even more around.
With this PR, using `logException`, I still get the red squiggly lines
for the unknown identifer, but `simp` just ignores that argument and
still shows me the final goal. Much nicer.
I also demoted the message for `[-foo]` when `foo` isn’t `simp` to a
warning and gave it the correct `ref`.
See it in action here: (in the middle, when you suddenly see the
terminal,
I am switching lean versions.)
https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/assets/148037/8cb3c563-1354-4c2d-bcee-26dfa1005ae0
In the course of the development, I grabbed facts about right shifting
over integers [from
`mathlib4`](https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/blob/master/Mathlib/Data/Int/Bitwise.lean).
The core proof strategy is to perform a case analysis of the msb:
- If `msb = false`, then `sshiftRight = ushiftRight`.
- If `msb = true`. then `x >>>s i = ~~~(~~~(x >>>u i))`. The double
negation introduces the high `1` bits that one expects of the arithmetic
shift.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott@tqft.net>
These will be used by LeanSAT for bitblasting rotations by constant
distances.
We first reduce the case when the rotation amount is larger than the
width to the case where the rotation amount is less than the width
(`x.rotateLeft/Right r = x.rotateLeft/Right (r%w)`).
Then, we case analyze on the low bits versus the high bits of the
rotation, where we prove equality by extensionality.
---------
Co-authored-by: Alex Keizer <alex@keizer.dev>
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <github@grosser.es>
These lemmas are morally equivalent to Mathlib lemmas which are proposed
to be deleted from Mathlib in
[#13286](https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/pull/13286).
It is only morally equivalent, because the Mathlib lemmas are stated in
terms of Mathlib-defined things: `toFin_natCast` uses a coercion from
`Nat` to `Fin (2^w)` which relies on `NeZero` machinery available only
in Mathlib. Thus, I've rephrased the rhs in terms of the def-eq
`Fin.ofNat'` with an explicit proof that `2^w` is non-zero.
Similarly, the RHS of `toFin_neg` was phrased in terms of negation on
`Fin`s, which is only defined in Mathlib, so I've unfolded the
definition.
Allows embedding user widgets in structured messages. Companion PR is
leanprover/vscode-lean4#449.
Some technical choices:
- The `MessageData.ofWidget` constructor might not be strictly necessary
as we already have `MessageData.ofFormatWithInfos`, and there is
`Info.ofUserWidget`. However, `.ofUserWidget` also requires a `Syntax`
object (as it is normally produced when widgets are saved at a piece of
syntax during elaboration) which we do not have in this case. More
generally, it continues to be a bit cursed that `Elab.Info` nodes are
used both for elaboration and delaboration (pretty-printing), so
entrenching that approach seems wrong. The better approach would be to
have a separate notion of pretty-printer annotation; but such a refactor
would not be clearly beneficial right now.
- To support non-JS-based environments such as
https://github.com/Julian/lean.nvim, `.ofWidget` requires also providing
another message which approximates the widget in a textual form.
However, in practice these environments might still want to support a
few specific user widgets such as "Try this".
---
Closes#2064.
In `v4.8.0-rc2`, due to additional build refactor changes, `JobM` no
longer cleanly lifts in `FetchM`. Generally, a `JobM` action should not
be run `FetchM` directly but spawned asynchronously as job (e.g., via
`Job.async`). However, there may be some edge cases were this is
necessary and it is a backwards compatibility break, so this change adds
back the lift. This change also includes an `example` definition to
ensure the lift works in order to prevent similar accidental breakages
in the future.
This breakage was first reported by Mario on
[Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/113488-general/topic/v4.2E8.2E0-rc2.20discussion/near/440407037).
Switches the manifest format to use `major.minor.patch` semantic
versions. Major version increments indicate breaking changes (e.g., new
required fields and semantic changes to existing fields). Minor version
increments (after `0.x`) indicate backwards-compatible extensions (e.g.,
adding optional fields, removing fields). This change is backwards
compatible. Lake will still successfully read old manifest with numeric
versions. It will treat the numeric version `N` as semantic version
`0.N.0`. Lake will also accept manifest versions with `-` suffixes
(e.g., `x.y.z-foo`) and then ignore the suffix.
This change also includes the general cleanup/refactoring of the
manifest code and data structures that was part of #3174.
Adds two new Lake commands, `lake pack` and `lake unpack`, which pack
and unpack, respectively, Lake build artifacts from an archive. If a
path argument is given, creates the archive specified, otherwise uses
the information in a package's `buildArchive` configuration as the
default.
The pack command will be used by Reservoir to prepare crate-style build
archives for packages. In the future, the command will also be
extensible through configuration file hooks.
Extends the functionality of `lake test` and adds a parallel command in
`lake lint`.
* Rename `@[test_runner]` / `testRunner` to `@[test_driver]` /
`testDriver`. The old names are kept as deprecated aliases.
* Extend help page for `lake test` and adds one for `lake check-test`.
* Add `lake lint` and its parallel tag `@[lint_driver]` , setting
`lintDriver`, and checker `lake check-lint`.
* Add support for specifying test / lint drivers from dependencies.
* Add `testDriverArgs` / `lintDriverArgs` for fixing additional
arguments to the invocation of a driver script or executable.
* Add support for library test drivers (but not library lint drivers).
* `lake check-test` / `lake check-lint` only load the package (without
dependencies), not the whole workspace.
Closes#4116. Closes#4121. Closes#4142.
The type class `MonadStore1` and friends have an outParam, which should
not be an outParam, because there are multiple possible values for this
parameter. At this function
[fetchOrCreate](1382e9fbc4/src/lake/Lake/Load/Main.lean (L196C49-L196C63)),
there are multiple stacked `StateT` monad transformers that each give a
different instance to `MonadStore1`. It is an implementation detail of
type class synthesis which instance is found. This particular type class
synthesis fails when the unused instance
`Lake.instMonadStore1OfMonadDStoreOfFamilyOut` is set to a lower
priority, because then the synthesis order happens to go differently, so
the wrong instance is found.
Replacing the outParam with a semiOutParam solves this issue. Thus, we
make a new type class `MonadStore1Of`, which is the same, but with a
semiOutParam. This follows the design of `MonadState` and
`MonadStateOf`.
However, then it turns out that the instance cannot anymore be
synthesised.
There are two instances for `MonadStore1`:
```
instance [MonadDStore κ β m] : MonadStore1 k (β k) m
instance [MonadDStore κ β m] [FamilyOut β k α] : MonadStore1 k α m
```
The first one is problematic during unification, especially when `β`
should be instantiated as a constant function. We make the second one
sufficient by adding an instance for the general type family:
```
/-- The general type family -/
instance (priority := low) : FamilyDef Fam a (Fam a) where
family_key_eq_type := rfl
```
So then we can get rid of the first instance.
Without this, it would not easy but perhaps be feasible to break
incrementality when editing command prefixes such as `set_option ... in
theorem` or also `theorem namesp.name ...` (which is a macro),
especially if at some later point we support incrementality in input
shifted by an edit. Explicit, sound support for these common cases will
be brought back soon.
Changing document string in `Attributes.lean`, in order to consistent
with code in `Lean.Parser.Attr`.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <kim@tqft.net>
We are switching to a new system for preparing release notes.
* Release notes will be compiled when creating a release candidate from
all the commits that are part of that release.
* PRs can include suggestions for release notes in PR messages. Please
use language such as "release notes" and "breaking changes" to call
attention to the suggestions. Release notes are user-centric rather than
developer-centric.
* For more complicated release notes, these can be put into the
`releases_drafts` folder.
This solves an issue where PRs that include release notes can, when
merged, have those notes appear under the wrong Lean version, since they
might have been created before a release but not merged until after. It
also solves merge conflicts due to multiple PRs updating the release
notes.
Extends Lean's incremental reporting and reuse between commands into
various steps inside declarations:
* headers and bodies of each (mutual) definition/theorem
* `theorem ... := by` for each contained tactic step, including
recursively inside supported combinators currently consisting of
* `·` (cdot), `case`, `next`
* `induction`, `cases`
* macros such as `next` unfolding to the above
*Incremental reuse* means not recomputing any such steps if they are not
affected by a document change. *Incremental reporting* includes the
parts seen in the recording above: the progress bar and messages. Other
language server features such as hover etc. are *not yet* supported
incrementally, i.e. they are shown only when the declaration has been
fully processed as before.
---------
Co-authored-by: Scott Morrison <scott.morrison@gmail.com>
This PR extracts `msb_eq_false_iff_two_mul_lt` and
`msb_eq_true_iff_two_mul_ge` from #4179, and uses them to prove a
theorem that characterizes `BitVec.toInt` in terms of `BitVec.msb`. This
lemma will be useful to prove a bit-blasting theorem for `BitVec.slt`
and `BitVec.sle`.
Also cleans up an existing proof (`toInt_eq_toNat_cond `), which turns
out to be provable by `rfl`.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <scott@tqft.net>
this fixes#4078. It is an alternative fix to the one in #4137,
suggested
by @kmill.
Incidentially, it makes the unused variable linter better. My theory is
that
if we don’t reset the info when backtracking, the binder shows up more
than
once in the info tree, and then it is considered “used”, although there
are
just multiple binders.
Add docstrings, usage examples, and doc tests for `String.prev`,
`.front`, `.back`, `.atEnd`.
Improve docstring examples for `String.next` based on discussion
examples for `String.prev`.
---------
Co-authored-by: Kim Morrison <kim@tqft.net>
This ensures that rotateLeft/Right behave correctly even when the
rotation amount is larger than the bitwidth.
This shall be followed up with `getLsb` theorems for rotations for
LeanSAT.
We choose to write `aux` definitions since it is cleaner to reason about
the `aux` theorems with the assumption that `rotation-amount <
bit-width`, followed by auxiliary lemmas that link the behavior of
rotation to the canonical case when `rotation-amount < bit-width`.
Proof strategy we will execute based on these definitions: [Link to
proof of
`getLsb_rotateLeft`](a0b18ec0f4/src/Init/Data/BitVec/Lemmas.lean (L1129-L1204))
---------
Co-authored-by: Tobias Grosser <github@grosser.es>
The ANSI mode build monitor now now longer displays built jobs (instead
only those that print info or failed). Also upgrades the progress ticker
with a spinner icon and information on the number of running jobs.
To eliminate parsing differences between Windows and other platforms,
the frontend now normalizes all CRLF line endings to LF, like [in
Rust](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/62865).
Effects:
- This makes Lake hashes be faithful to what Lean sees (Lake already
normalizes line endings before computing hashes).
- Docstrings now have normalized line endings. In particular, this fixes
`#guard_msgs` failing multiline tests for Windows users using CRLF.
- Now strings don't have different lengths depending on the platform.
Before this PR, the following theorem is true for LF and false for CRLF
files.
```lean
example : "
".length = 1 := rfl
```
Note: the normalization will take `\r\r\n` and turn it into `\r\n`. In
the elaborator, we reject loose `\r`'s that appear in whitespace. Rust
instead takes the approach of making the normalization routine fail.
They do this so that there's no downstream confusion about any `\r\n`
that appears.
Implementation note: the LSP maintains its own copy of a source file
that it updates when edit operations are applied. We are assuming that
edit operations never split or join CRLFs. If this assumption is not
correct, then the LSP copy of a source file can become slightly out of
sync. If this is an issue, there is some discussion
[here](https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/pull/3903#discussion_r1592930085).
Given `h` with type `x + k = y + k'` (or `h : k = k')`, `cases h`
produced a proof of size linear in `min k k'`. `isDefEq` has support for
offset, but `unifyEq?` did not have it, and a stack overflow occurred
while processing the resulting proof. This PR fixes this issue.
closes#4219
Show that shifting a natural number left and then shifting right by the
same amount is a no-op.
I originally proved this in a different PR, ended up not needing the
fact after all, but it still seemed like a generally useful simp lemma
to have.
Fixes two output bugs with cloud releases: (1) the fetch as part of an
`extraDep` was not properly isolated in a job, and (2) the release job
would be shown even if the release had already been successfully
fetched.
Also includes some related touchups, including the addition of show all
jobs on `-v` which helps with debugging job counts.
### Explanation
In the case that `assignSyntheticOpaque := true` and the given
metavariable is `syntheticOpaque` and the depth of the metavariable is
not the current depth, `isReadOnlyOrSyntheticOpaque` returns false, even
though the metavariable is read-only because of being declared at a
smaller depth. This causes the metavariable to (wrongly) be able to be
instantiated by `isDefEq`.
This bug was found at the proof of
[RingHom.PropertyIsLocal.sourceAffineLocally_of_source_openCover](https://leanprover-community.github.io/mathlib4_docs/Mathlib/AlgebraicGeometry/Morphisms/RingHomProperties.html#RingHom.PropertyIsLocal.sourceAffineLocally_of_source_openCover),
which involves a type class synthesis for `CommRing ?m.2404`, and the
synthesis manages to instantiate this metavariable into different
values, even though `synthInstance?` increases the metavariable depth.
This synthesis fails after 1 second.
I found the bug while modifying the instance synthesis code: the
modified code spent several minutes on this failed synthesis.
### Test
The problem can be verified with the test:
```
run_meta do
let m ← mkFreshExprMVar (Expr.sort levelOne) MetavarKind.syntheticOpaque
withAssignableSyntheticOpaque do
withNewMCtxDepth do
let eq ← isDefEq m (.const ``Nat [])
Lean.logInfo m! "{eq}"
```
this unification used to succeed, giving `true`, and this fix makes it
return `false`.
### Impact on Mathlib
This fix causes a change in the behaviour of `congr`, `convert` and
friends, which breaks a couple of proofs in mathlib. Most of these are
fixed by supplying more arguments.
I fixed these proofs, and
[benched](http://speed.lean-fro.org/mathlib4/compare/b821bfd9-3769-4930-b77f-0adc6f9d218f/to/e7b27246-a3e6-496a-b552-ff4b45c7236e?hash2=4f3c460cc1668820c9af8418a87a23db44c7acab)
mathlib. The result is that most files are unaffected, but some files
are significantly improved. This is most prominent in
Mathlib.RingTheory.Jacobson, where the number of instructions has
decreased by 28%. The overall improvement is a 0.3% reduction in
instructions.
[Zulip
message](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/287929-mathlib4/topic/Ways.20to.20speed.20up.20Mathlib/near/439218960)
The expression tree elaborator computes a "maxType" that every leaf term
can be coerced to, but the elaborator was not ensuring that the entire
expression tree would have maxType as its type. This led to unexpected
errors in examples such as
```lean
example (a : Nat) (b : Int) :
a = id (a * b^2) := sorry
```
where it would say it could not synthesize an `HMul Int Int Nat`
instance (the `Nat` would propagate from the `a` on the LHS of the
equality). The issue in this case is that `HPow` uses default instances,
so while the expression tree elaborator decides that `a * b^2` should be
referring to an `Int`, the actual elaborated type is temporarily a
metavariable. Then, when the binrel elaborator is looking at both sides
of the equality, it decides that `Nat` will work and coercions don't
need to be inserted.
The fix is to unify the type of the resulting elaborated expression with
the computed maxType. One wrinkle is that `hasUncomparable` being false
is a valid test only if there are no leaf terms with unknown types (if
they become known, it could change `hasUncomparable` to true), so this
unification is only performed if the leaf terms all have known types.
Fixes issue described by Floris van Doorn on
[Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/287929-mathlib4/topic/elaboration.20issue.20involving.20powers.20and.20sums/near/439243587).
luckily the necessary functionality already exists in the form of
`addPPExplicitToExposeDiff`. But it is not cheap, and we should not run
this code
when the error message isn’t shown, so we should do this lazily.
We already had `MessageData.ofPPFormat` to assemble the error message
lazily, but it
was restricted to returning `FormatWithInfo`, a data type that doesn’t
admit a nice
API to compose more complex messages (like `Format` or `MessageData`
has; an attempt to
fix that is in #3926).
Therefore we split the functionality of `.ofPPFormat` into
`.ofFormatWithInfo` and `.ofLazy`,
and use `.ofLazy` to compute the more complex error message of `apply`.
Fixes#3232.
---------
Co-authored-by: David Thrane Christiansen <david@davidchristiansen.dk>
Co-authored-by: Wojciech Nawrocki <wjnawrocki@protonmail.com>
Messaged @tydeu about adding a README.md to new lake projects. I decided
to add it with the help of GPT.
---------
Co-authored-by: Mac Malone <tydeu@hatpress.net>
2024-05-18 02:02:36 +00:00
3123 changed files with 112917 additions and 20988 deletions
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Please put an X between the brackets as you perform the following steps:
### Context
[Broader context that the issue occured in. If there was any prior discussion on [the Lean Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com), link it here as well.]
[Broader context that the issue occurred in. If there was any prior discussion on [the Lean Zulip](https://leanprover.zulipchat.com), link it here as well.]
### Steps to Reproduce
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Please put an X between the brackets as you perform the following steps:
### Versions
[Output of `#eval Lean.versionString`]
[Output of `#version` or `#eval Lean.versionString`]
* Include the link to your `RFC` or `bug` issue in the description.
* If the issue does not already have approval from a developer, submit the PR as draft.
* The PR title/description will become the commit message. Keep it up-to-date as the PR evolves.
* A toolchain of the form `leanprover/lean4-pr-releases:pr-release-NNNN` for Linux and M-series Macs will be generated upon build. To generate binaries for Windows and Intel-based Macs as well, write a comment containing `release-ci` on its own line.
* If you rebase your PR onto `nightly-with-mathlib` then CI will test Mathlib against your PR.
* You can manage the `awaiting-review`, `awaiting-author`, and `WIP` labels yourself, by writing a comment containing one of these labels on its own line.
* Remove this section, up to and including the `---` before submitting.
# Check that the most recently nightly coincides with 'git merge-base HEAD master'
- name:Check merge-base and nightly-testing-YYYY-MM-DD
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ jobs:
MESSAGE=""
if [[ -n "$MATHLIB_REMOTE_TAGS" ]]; then
echo "... and Mathlib has a 'nightly-testing-$MOST_RECENT_NIGHTLY' tag."
echo "... and Mathlib has a 'nightly-testing-$MOST_RECENT_NIGHTLY' tag."
else
echo "... but Mathlib does not yet have a 'nightly-testing-$MOST_RECENT_NIGHTLY' tag."
MESSAGE="- ❗ Mathlib CI can not be attempted yet, as the \`nightly-testing-$MOST_RECENT_NIGHTLY\` tag does not exist there yet. We will retry when you push more commits. If you rebase your branch onto \`nightly-with-mathlib\`, Mathlib CI should run now."
MESSAGE="- ❗ Batteries/Mathlib CI will not be attempted unless your PR branches off the \`nightly-with-mathlib\` branch. Try \`git rebase $MERGE_BASE_SHA --onto $NIGHTLY_WITH_MATHLIB_SHA\`."
fi
@@ -163,10 +163,11 @@ jobs:
# so keep in sync
# Use GitHub API to check if a comment already exists
@@ -63,6 +63,20 @@ Because the change will be squashed, there is no need to polish the commit messa
Reviews and Feedback:
----
The lean4 repo is managed by the Lean FRO's *triage team* that aims to provide initial feedback on new bug reports, PRs, and RFCs weekly.
This feedback generally consists of prioritizing the ticket using one of the following categories:
* label `P-high`: We will work on this issue
* label `P-medium`: We may work on this issue if we find the time
* label `P-low`: We are not planning to work on this issue
* *closed*: This issue is already fixed, it is not an issue, or is not sufficiently compatible with our roadmap for the project and we will not work on it nor accept external contributions on it
For *bug reports*, the listed priority reflects our commitment to fixing the issue.
It is generally indicative but not necessarily identical to the priority an external contribution addressing this bug would receive.
For *PRs* and *RFCs*, the priority reflects our commitment to reviewing them and getting them to an acceptable state.
Accepted RFCs are marked with the label `RFC accepted` and afterwards assigned a new "implementation" priority as with bug reports.
General guidelines for interacting with reviews and feedback:
**Be Patient**: Given the limited number of full-time maintainers and the volume of PRs, reviews may take some time.
**Engage Constructively**: Always approach feedback positively and constructively. Remember, reviews are about ensuring the best quality for the project, not personal criticism.
A value of type `Char`, also known as a character, is a [Unicode scalar value](https://www.unicode.org/glossary/#unicode_scalar_value). It is represented using an unsigned 32-bit integer and is statically guaranteed to be a valid Unicode scalar value.
Syntactically, character literals are enclosed in single quotes.
```lean
#eval'a'-- 'a'
#eval'∀'-- '∀'
```
Characters are ordered and can be decidably compared using the relational operators `=`, `<`, `≤`, `>`, `≥`.
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Some notes on how to debug Lean, which may also be applicable to debugging Lean
## Tracing
In `CoreM` and derived monads, we use `trace![traceCls] "msg with {interpolations}"` to fill the structured trace viewable with `set_option trace.traceCls true`.
In `CoreM` and derived monads, we use `trace[traceCls] "msg with {interpolations}"` to fill the structured trace viewable with `set_option trace.traceCls true`.
New trace classes have to be registered using `registerTraceClass` first.
Notable trace classes:
@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ Notable trace classes:
In pure contexts or when execution is aborted before the messages are finally printed, one can instead use the term `dbg_trace "msg with {interpolations}"; val` (`;` can also be replaced by a newline), which will print the message to stderr before evaluating `val`. `dbgTraceVal val` can be used as a shorthand for `dbg_trace "{val}"; val`.
Note that if the return value is not actually used, the trace code is silently dropped as well.
In the language server, stderr output is buffered and shown as messages after a command has been elaborated, unless the option `server.stderrAsMessages` is deactivated.
By default, such stderr output is buffered and shown as messages after a command has been elaborated, which is necessary to ensure deterministic ordering of messages under parallelism.
If Lean aborts the process before it can finish the command or takes too long to do that, using `-DstderrAsMessages=false` avoids this buffering and shows `dbg_trace` output (but not `trace`s or other diagnostics) immediately.
- In addition to updating the `lean-toolchain` and `lakefile.lean`,
in `.github/workflows/build.yml.in` in the `lean4checker` section update the line
`git checkout toolchain/v4.6.0` to the appropriate tag,
and then run `.github/workflows/mk_build_yml.sh`. Coordinate with
a Mathlib maintainer to get this merged.
in `.github/workflows/lean4checker.yml` update the line
`git checkout v4.6.0` to the appropriate tag.
- Push the PR branch to the main Mathlib repository rather than a fork, or CI may not work reliably
- Create and push the tag
- Create a new branch from the tag, push it, and open a pull request against `stable`.
@@ -97,6 +98,10 @@ We'll use `v4.6.0` as the intended release version as a running example.
- Toolchain bump PR including updated Lake manifest
- Create and push the tag
- Merge the tag into `stable`
- The `v4.6.0` section of `RELEASES.md` is out of sync between
`releases/v4.6.0` and `master`. This should be reconciled:
- Replace the `v4.6.0` section on `master` with the `v4.6.0` section on `releases/v4.6.0`
and commit this to `master`.
- Merge the release announcement PR for the Lean website - it will be deployed automatically
- Finally, make an announcement!
This should go in https://leanprover.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/113486-announce, with topic `v4.6.0`.
@@ -107,7 +112,6 @@ We'll use `v4.6.0` as the intended release version as a running example.
## Optimistic(?) time estimates:
- Initial checks and push the tag: 30 minutes.
- Note that if `RELEASES.md` has discrepancies this could take longer!
- Waiting for the release: 60 minutes.
- Fixing release notes: 10 minutes.
- Bumping toolchains in downstream repositories, up to creating the Mathlib PR: 30 minutes.
@@ -134,54 +138,52 @@ We'll use `v4.7.0-rc1` as the intended release version in this example.
git checkout nightly-2024-02-29
git checkout -b releases/v4.7.0
```
- In `RELEASES.md` remove `(development in progress)` from the `v4.7.0` section header.
- Our current goal is to have written release notes only about major language features or breaking changes,
and to rely on automatically generated release notes for bugfixes and minor changes.
- Do not wait on `RELEASES.md` being perfect before creating the `release/v4.7.0` branch. It is essential to choose the nightly which will become the release candidate as early as possible, to avoid confusion.
- If there are major changes not reflected in `RELEASES.md` already, you may need to solicit help from the authors.
- Minor changes and bug fixes do not need to be documented in `RELEASES.md`: they will be added automatically on the Github release page.
- Commit your changes to `RELEASES.md`, and push.
- Remember that changes to `RELEASES.md` after you have branched `releases/v4.7.0` should also be cherry-picked back to `master`.
- In `RELEASES.md` replace `Development in progress` in the `v4.7.0` section with `Release notes to be written.`
- We will rely on automatically generated release notes for release candidates,
and the written release notes will be used for stable versions only.
It is essential to choose the nightly that will become the release candidate as early as possible, to avoid confusion.
- In `src/CMakeLists.txt`,
- verify that you see `set(LEAN_VERSION_MINOR 7)` (for whichever `7` is appropriate); this should already have been updated when the development cycle began.
- `set(LEAN_VERSION_IS_RELEASE 1)` (this should be a change; on `master` and nightly releases it is always `0`).
- Commit your changes to `src/CMakeLists.txt`, and push.
- `git tag v4.7.0-rc1`
- `git push origin v4.7.0-rc1`
- Ping the FRO Zulip that release notes need to be written. The release notes do not block completing the rest of this checklist.
- Now wait, while CI runs.
- You can monitor this at `https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/actions/workflows/ci.yml`, looking for the `v4.7.0-rc1` tag.
- This step can take up to an hour.
- Once the release appears at https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/releases/
- Edit the release notes on Github to select the "Set as a pre-release box".
- Copy the section of `RELEASES.md` for this version into the Github release notes.
- Use the title "Changes since v4.6.0 (from RELEASES.md)"
- Then in the "previous tag" dropdown, select `v4.6.0`, and click "Generate release notes".
- This will add a list of all the commits since the last stable version.
- Delete anything already mentioned in the hand-written release notes above.
- (GitHub release notes) Once the release appears at https://github.com/leanprover/lean4/releases/
- Verify that the release is marked as a prerelease (this should have been done automatically by the CI release job).
- In the "previous tag" dropdown, select `v4.6.0`, and click "Generate release notes".
This will add a list of all the commits since the last stable version.
- Delete "update stage0" commits, and anything with a completely inscrutable commit message.
- Briefly rearrange the remaining items by category (e.g. `simp`, `lake`, `bug fixes`),
but for minor items don't put any work in expanding on commit messages.
- (How we want to release notes to look is evolving: please update this section if it looks wrong!)
- Next, we will move a curated list of downstream repos to the release candidate.
- This assumes that there is already a *reviewed* branch `bump/v4.7.0` on each repository
containing the required adaptations (or no adaptations are required).
The preparation of this branch is beyond the scope of this document.
- This assumes that for each repository either:
* There is already a *reviewed* branch `bump/v4.7.0` containing the required adaptations.
The preparation of this branch is beyond the scope of this document.
* The repository does not need any changes to move to the new version.
- For each of the target repositories:
- Checkout the `bump/v4.7.0` branch.
- Verify that the `lean-toolchain` is set to the nightly from which the release candidate was created.
- `git merge origin/master`
- Change the `lean-toolchain` to `leanprover/lean4:v4.7.0-rc1`
- In `lakefile.lean`, change any dependencies which were using `nightly-testing` or `bump/v4.7.0` branches
back to `master` or `main`, and run `lake update` for those dependencies.
- Run `lake build` to ensure that dependencies are found (but it's okay to stop it after a moment).
- `git commit`
- `git push`
- Open a PR from `bump/v4.7.0` to `master`, and either merge it yourself after CI, if appropriate,
or notify the maintainers that it is ready to go.
- Once this PR has been merged, tag `master` with `v4.7.0-rc1` and push this tag.
- If the repository does not need any changes (i.e. `bump/v4.7.0` does not exist) then create
a new PR updating `lean-toolchain` to `leanprover/lean4:v4.7.0-rc1` and running `lake update`.
- Otherwise:
- Checkout the `bump/v4.7.0` branch.
- Verify that the `lean-toolchain` is set to the nightly from which the release candidate was created.
- `git merge origin/master`
- Change the `lean-toolchain` to `leanprover/lean4:v4.7.0-rc1`
- In `lakefile.lean`, change any dependencies which were using `nightly-testing` or `bump/v4.7.0` branches
back to `master` or `main`, and run `lake update` for those dependencies.
- Run `lake build` to ensure that dependencies are found (but it's okay to stop it after a moment).
- `git commit`
- `git push`
- Open a PR from `bump/v4.7.0` to `master`, and either merge it yourself after CI, if appropriate,
or notify the maintainers that it is ready to go.
- Once the PR has been merged, tag `master` with `v4.7.0-rc1` and push this tag.
- We do this for the same list of repositories as for stable releases, see above.
As above, there are dependencies between these, and so the process above is iterative.
It greatly helps if you can merge the `bump/v4.7.0` PRs yourself!
It is essential for Mathlib CI that you then create the next `bump/v4.8.0` branch
for the next development cycle.
Set the `lean-toolchain` file on this branch to same `nightly` you used for this release.
- For Batteries/Aesop/Mathlib, which maintain a `nightly-testing` branch, make sure there is a tag
`nightly-testing-2024-02-29` with date corresponding to the nightly used for the release
(create it if not), and then on the `nightly-testing` branch `git reset --hard master`, and force push.
@@ -192,8 +194,21 @@ We'll use `v4.7.0-rc1` as the intended release version in this example.
Please also make sure that whoever is handling social media knows the release is out.
- Begin the next development cycle (i.e. for `v4.8.0`) on the Lean repository, by making a PR that:
- Updates `src/CMakeLists.txt` to say `set(LEAN_VERSION_MINOR 8)`
- Removes `(in development)` from the section heading in `RELEASES.md` for `v4.7.0`,
and creates a new `v4.8.0 (in development)` section heading.
- Replaces the "release notes will be copied" text in the `v4.6.0` section of `RELEASES.md` with the
finalized release notes from the `releases/v4.6.0` branch.
- Replaces the "development in progress" in the `v4.7.0` section of `RELEASES.md` with
```
Release candidate, release notes will be copied from the branch `releases/v4.7.0` once completed.
```
and inserts the following section before that section:
```
v4.8.0
----------
Development in progress.
```
- Removes all the entries from the `./releases_drafts/` folder.
- Titled "chore: begin development cycle for v4.8.0"
## Time estimates:
Slightly longer than the corresponding steps for a stable release.
Please remember to push any merges you make to intermediate steps!
# Writing the release notes
We are currently trying a system where release notes are compiled all at once from someone looking through the commit history.
The exact steps are a work in progress.
Here is the general idea:
* The work is done right on the `releases/v4.6.0` branch sometime after it is created but before the stable release is made.
The release notes for `v4.6.0` will later be copied to `master` when we begin a new development cycle.
* There can be material for release notes entries in commit messages.
* There can also be pre-written entries in `./releases_drafts`, which should be all incorporated in the release notes and then deleted from the branch.
See `./releases_drafts/README.md` for more information.
* The release notes should be written from a downstream expert user's point of view.
This section will be updated when the next release notes are written (for `v4.10.0`).
Proving and programming are inherently interactive tasks. Lots of mathematical objects and data
structures are visual in nature. *User widgets* let you associate custom interactive UIs with
sections of a Lean document. User widgets are rendered in the Lean infoview.
Proving and programming are inherently interactive tasks.
Lots of mathematical objects and data structures are visual in nature.
*User widgets* let you associate custom interactive UIs
with sections of a Lean document.
User widgets are rendered in the Lean infoview.
## Trying it out
To try it out, simply type in the following code and place your cursor over the `#widget` command.
To try it out, type in the following code and place your cursor over the `#widget` command.
You can also [view this manual entry in the online editor](https://live.lean-lang.org/#url=https%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fleanprover%2Flean4%2Fmaster%2Fdoc%2Fexamples%2Fwidgets.lean).
-/
@[widget_module]
@@ -21,38 +24,37 @@ def helloWidget : Widget.Module where
import * as React from 'react';
export default function(props) {
const name = props.name || 'world'
return React.createElement('p', {}, name + '!')
return React.createElement('p', {}, 'Hello ' + name + '!')
}"
#widgethelloWidget
/-!
If you want to dive into a full sample right away, check out
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ Every expression in Lean has a natural computational interpretation, unless it i
* *β-reduction* : An expression ``(λ x, t) s`` β-reduces to ``t[s/x]``, that is, the result of replacing ``x`` by ``s`` in ``t``.
* *ζ-reduction* : An expression ``let x := s in t`` ζ-reduces to ``t[s/x]``.
* *δ-reduction* : If ``c`` is a defined constant with definition ``t``, then ``c`` δ-reduces to to ``t``.
* *δ-reduction* : If ``c`` is a defined constant with definition ``t``, then ``c`` δ-reduces to ``t``.
* *ι-reduction* : When a function defined by recursion on an inductive type is applied to an element given by an explicit constructor, the result ι-reduces to the specified function value, as described in [Inductive Types](inductive.md).
The reduction relation is transitive, which is to say, is ``s`` reduces to ``s'`` and ``t`` reduces to ``t'``, then ``s t`` reduces to ``s' t'``, ``λ x, s`` reduces to ``λ x, s'``, and so on. If ``s`` and ``t`` reduce to a common term, they are said to be *definitionally equal*. Definitional equality is defined to be the smallest equivalence relation that satisfies all these properties and also includes α-equivalence and the following two relations:
These are instructions to set up a working development environment for those who wish to make changes to Lean itself. It is part of the [Development Guide](../dev/index.md).
We strongly suggest that new users instead follow the [Quickstart](../quickstart.md) to get started using Lean, since this sets up an environment that can automatically manage multiple Lean toolchain versions, which is necessary when working within the Lean ecosystem.
make -C build/release -j$(nproc || sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)
```
For regular development, we recommend running
```bash
git config submodule.recurse true
```
in the checkout so that `--recurse-submodules` doesn't have to be
specified with `git pull/checkout/...`.
You can replace `$(nproc || sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)` with the desired parallelism amount.
The above commands will compile the Lean library and binaries into the
`stage1` subfolder; see below for details. Add `-j N` for an
appropriate `N` to `make` for a parallel build.
`stage1` subfolder; see below for details.
For example, on an AMD Ryzen 9`make` takes 00:04:55, whereas `make -j 10`
takes 00:01:38. Your results may vary depending on the speed of your hard
drive.
You should not usually run `make install` after a successful build.
You should not usually run`cmake --install` after a successful build.
See [Dev setup using elan](../dev/index.md#dev-setup-using-elan) on how to properly set up your editor to use the correct stage depending on the source directory.
Useful CMake Configuration Settings
-----------------------------------
Pass these along with the `cmake ../..` command.
Pass these along with the `cmake --preset release` command.
There are also two alternative presets that combine some of these options you can use instead of `release`: `debug` and `sandebug` (sanitize + debug).
*`-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=`\
Select the build type. Valid values are `RELEASE` (default), `DEBUG`,
1. Launch VS Code and install the `lean4` extension by clicking on the "Extensions" sidebar entry and searching for "lean4".
1. Launch VS Code and install the `Lean4` extension by clicking on the 'Extensions' sidebar entry and searching for 'Lean 4'.
1. Open the Lean 4 setup guide by creating a new text file using "File > New Text File" (`Ctrl+N`), clicking on the ∀-symbol in the top right and selecting "Documentation… > Setup: Show Setup Guide".
1. Open the Lean 4 setup guide by creating a new text file using 'File > New Text File' (`Ctrl+N` / `Cmd+N`), clicking on the ∀-symbol in the top right and selecting 'Documentation… > Docs: Show Setup Guide'.
1. Follow the Lean 4 setup guide. It will walk you through learning resources for Lean 4, teach you how to set up Lean's dependencies on your platform, install Lean 4 for you at the click of a button and help you set up your first project.
1. Follow the Lean 4 setup guide. It will:
- walk you through learning resources for Lean,
- teach you how to set up Lean's dependencies on your platform,
- install Lean 4 for you at the click of a button,
First [install Pygments](https://pygments.org/download/). Then save [`lean4.py`](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/leanprover/lean4/master/doc/latex/lean4.py), which contains an version of the Lean highlighter updated for Lean 4, and the following sample LaTeX file `test.tex` into the same directory:
First [install Pygments](https://pygments.org/download/) (version 2.18 or newer).
Then save the following sample LaTeX file `test.tex` into the same directory:
```latex
\documentclass{article}
@@ -51,9 +52,8 @@ First [install Pygments](https://pygments.org/download/). Then save [`lean4.py`]
% switch to a monospace font supporting more Unicode characters
If your version of `minted` is v2.7 or newer, but before v3.0,
you will additionally need to follow the workaround described in https://github.com/gpoore/minted/issues/360.
You can then compile `test.tex` by executing the following command:
```bash
@@ -81,11 +78,14 @@ Some remarks:
- either `xelatex` or `lualatex` is required to handle Unicode characters in the code.
-`--shell-escape` is needed to allow `xelatex` to execute `pygmentize` in a shell.
- If the chosen monospace font is missing some Unicode symbols, you can direct them to be displayed using a fallback font or other replacement LaTeX code.
``` latex
\usepackage{newunicodechar}
\newfontfamily{\freeserif}{DejaVu Sans}
\newunicodechar{✝}{\freeserif{✝}}
\newunicodechar{𝓞}{\ensuremath{\mathcal{O}}}
```
- minted has a "helpful" feature that draws red boxes around characters the chosen lexer doesn't recognize.
Since the Lean lexer cannot encompass all user-defined syntax, it is advisable to [work around](https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/343506/14563) this feature.
``` latex
\usepackage{newunicodechar}
\newfontfamily{\freeserif}{DejaVu Sans}
\newunicodechar{✝}{\freeserif{✝}}
\newunicodechar{𝓞}{\ensuremath{\mathcal{O}}}
```
- If you are using an old version of Pygments, you can copy
[`lean.py`](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pygments/pygments/master/pygments/lexers/lean.py) into your working directory,
and use `lean4.py:Lean4Lexer -x` instead of `lean4` above.
If your version of `minted` is v2.7 or newer, but before v3.0,
you will additionally need to follow the workaround described in https://github.com/gpoore/minted/issues/360.
# glibc: use for linking (so Lean programs don't embed newer symbol versions), but not for running (because libc.so, librt.so, and ld.so must be compatible)!
$CP$GLIBC/lib/libc_nonshared.a stage1/lib/glibc
# libpthread_nonshared.a must be linked in order to be able to use `pthread_atfork(3)`. LibUV uses this function.
* `Option`, where `failure := none` and `<|>` returns the left-most `some`.
* Parser combinators typically provide an `Applicative` instance for error-handling and
backtracking.
Error recovery and state can interact subtly. For example, the implementation of `Alternative` for `OptionT (StateT σ Id)` keeps modifications made to the state while recovering from failure, while `StateT σ (OptionT Id)` discards them.
-/
-- NB: List instance is in mathlib. Once upstreamed, add
We claim this unsafe implementation is correct because an array cannot have more than `usizeSz` elements in our runtime.
This kind of low level trick can be removed with a little bit of compiler support. For example, if the compiler simplifies `as.size < usizeSz` to true. -/
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